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Oncogenic Virome Benefits from the Different Vaginal Microbiome-Immune Axes.

ABSTRACT: The picture of dynamic interaction between oncogenic viruses and the vaginal bacteria-immune host milieu is incomplete. We evaluated the impact of Polyomaviridae, Papillomaviridae, and Herpesviridae oncoviruses on the vaginal Community State Types (CSTs) and host immune response in reproductive-age women. In our cohort, only Polyomaviridae and Papillomaviridae were detected and were associated with changes in the resident bacteria of CST I and IV (p < 0.05). Lactobacillus crispatus increased in CST I while Prevotella timonensis and Sneathia sanguinegens increased in CST IV. Conversely, CST II and III showed an alteration of the immune response, with the decrease of Eotaxin, MCP-1, IL-7, IL-9, and IL-15 (p < 0.05), leading to reduced antiviral efficacy. An efficient viral clearance was observed only in women from CST I, dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus. Our in vivo study begins to address the knowledge gap with respect to the role of vaginal bacteria and immune response in susceptibility to oncoviral infections.

SUBMITTER: Campisciano G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6843784 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Oncogenic Virome Benefits from the Different Vaginal Microbiome-Immune Axes.

Campisciano Giuseppina G Gheit Tarik T De Seta Francesco F Cason Carolina C Zanotta Nunzia N Delbue Serena S Ricci Giuseppe G Ferrante Pasquale P Tommasino Massimo M Comar Manola M

Microorganisms 20191001 10

The picture of dynamic interaction between oncogenic viruses and the vaginal bacteria-immune host milieu is incomplete. We evaluated the impact of Polyomaviridae, Papillomaviridae, and Herpesviridae oncoviruses on the vaginal Community State Types (CSTs) and host immune response in reproductive-age women. In our cohort, only Polyomaviridae and Papillomaviridae were detected and were associated with changes in the resident bacteria of CST I and IV (p < 0. ...[more]

PMID: 31581600

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Project description:BackgroundDespite decades of attempts to link infectious agents to preterm birth, an exact causative microbe or community of microbes remains elusive. Culture-independent sequencing of vaginal bacterial communities demonstrates community characteristics are associated with preterm birth, although none are specific enough to apply clinically. Viruses are important components of the vaginal microbiome and have dynamic relationships with vaginal bacterial communities. We hypothesized that vaginal eukaryotic DNA viral communities (the "vaginal virome") either alone or in the context of bacterial communities are associated with preterm birth.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to use high-throughput sequencing to examine the vaginal eukaryotic DNA virome in a cohort of pregnant women and examine associations between vaginal community characteristics and preterm birth.Study designThis is a nested case-control study within a prospective cohort study of women with singleton pregnancies, not on supplemental progesterone, and without cervical cerclage in situ. Serial midvaginal swabs were obtained at routine prenatal visits. DNA was extracted, bacterial communities were characterized by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, and eukaryotic viral communities were characterized by enrichment of viral nucleic acid with the ViroCap targeted sequence capture panel followed by nucleic acid sequencing. Viral communities were analyzed according to presence/absence of viruses, diversity, dynamics over time, and association with bacterial community data obtained from the same specimens.ResultsSixty subjects contributed 128 vaginal swabs longitudinally across pregnancy. In all, 24 patients delivered preterm. Participants were predominantly African American (65%). Six families of eukaryotic DNA viruses were detected in the vaginal samples. At least 1 virus was detected in 80% of women. No specific virus or group of viruses was associated with preterm delivery. Higher viral richness was significantly associated with preterm delivery in the full group and in the African American subgroup (P = .0005 and P = .0003, respectively). Having both high bacterial diversity and high viral diversity in the first trimester was associated with the highest risk for preterm birth.ConclusionHigher vaginal viral diversity is associated with preterm birth. Changes in vaginal virome diversity appear similar to changes in the vaginal bacterial microbiome over pregnancy, suggesting that underlying physiology of pregnancy may regulate both bacterial and viral communities.

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Oncogenic Virome Benefits from the Different Vaginal Microbiome-Immune Axes.

Publications

Oncogenic Virome Benefits from the Different Vaginal Microbiome-Immune Axes.

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