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Perfusion of the skin's microcirculation after cold-water immersion (10°C) and partial-body cryotherapy (-135°C).

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Investigations of the perfusion of the skin's microcirculation with laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) after cold treatments are rare. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects between cold-water immersion (CWI) conduction and partial-body cryotherapy (PBC) convection on perfusion of the microcirculation and skin temperature on the thigh. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Twenty healthy males were randomly allocated to CWI (10°C for 10 minutes) or PBC (-60°C for 30 seconds, -135°C for 2 minutes). Perfusion and skin temperature measurements were conducted on the anterior thigh region up to 60 minutes post-treatment. RESULTS:Cold-water immersion decreased perfusion of the microcirculation significantly compared to baseline values between 10 minutes (P = 0.003) and 30 minutes (P = 0.01) post-treatment. PBC increased perfusion of the microcirculation and decreased skin temperature only at the first measurement interval (0 minute, both P = 0.01) post-treatment. Additionally, local skin temperature was significantly decreased compared to baseline values only after CWI up to 30 minutes (P = 0.04) post-treatment. CONCLUSION:Cold-water immersion reduced local skin microcirculation and skin temperature while PBC only slightly increased the perfusion of the microcirculation immediately after the treatment. For cooling purposes, the conduction method seems superior compared to the convection method, assessed with a LSCI device.

SUBMITTER: Hohenauer E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6849860 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Perfusion of the skin's microcirculation after cold-water immersion (10°C) and partial-body cryotherapy (-135°C).

Hohenauer Erich E Deliens Tom T Clarys Peter P Clijsen Ron R

Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) 20190430 5

<h4>Background</h4>Investigations of the perfusion of the skin's microcirculation with laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) after cold treatments are rare. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects between cold-water immersion (CWI) conduction and partial-body cryotherapy (PBC) convection on perfusion of the microcirculation and skin temperature on the thigh.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>Twenty healthy males were randomly allocated to CWI (10°C for 10 minutes) or PBC (-60°C fo ...[more]

PMID: 31038232

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Project description:Post-exercise cold-water immersion (CWI) is a widely accepted recovery strategy for maintaining physical performance output. However, existing review articles about the effects of CWI commonly pool data from very heterogenous study designs and thus, do rarely differentiate between different muscles, different CWI-protocols (duration, temperature, etc.), different forms of activating the muscles before CWI, and different thickness of the subcutaneous adipose tissue. This systematic review therefore aimed to investigate the effects of one particular post-exercise CWI protocol (10°C for 10 min) on intramuscular temperature changes in the quadriceps femoris muscle while accounting for skinfold thickness. An electronic search was conducted on PubMed, LIVIVO, Cochrane Library, and PEDro databases. Pooled data on intramuscular temperature changes were plotted with respect to intramuscular depth to visualize the influence of skinfold thickness. Spearman's rho (rs) was used to assess a possible linear association between skinfold thickness and intramuscular temperature changes. A meta-analysis was performed to investigate the effect of CWI on pre-post intramuscular temperature for each measurement depth. A total of six articles met the inclusion criteria. Maximum intramuscular temperature reduction was 6.40°C with skinfold thickness of 6.50 mm at a depth of 1 cm, 4.50°C with skinfold thickness of 11.00 mm at a depth of 2 cm, and only 1.61°C with skinfold thickness of 10.79 mm at a depth of 3 cm. However, no significant correlations between skinfold thickness and intramuscular temperature reductions were observed at a depth of 1 cm (r s = 0.0), at 2 cm (r s = -0.8) and at 3 cm (r s = -0.5; all p > 0.05). The CWI protocol resulted in significant temperature reductions in the muscle tissue layers at 1 cm (d = -1.92 [95% CI: -3.01 to -0.83] and 2 cm (d = -1.63 [95% CI: -2.20 to -1.06]) but not at 3 cm (p < 0.05). Skinfold thickness and thus, subcutaneous adipose tissue, seems to influence temperature reductions in the muscle tissue only to a small degree. These findings might be useful for practitioners as they demonstrate different intramuscular temperature reductions after a specific post-exercise CWI protocol (10°C for 10 min) in the quadriceps femoris muscle.

Dataset Information

Perfusion of the skin's microcirculation after cold-water immersion (10°C) and partial-body cryotherapy (-135°C).

Publications

Perfusion of the skin's microcirculation after cold-water immersion (10°C) and partial-body cryotherapy (-135°C).

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