Dataset Information

Early life risk factors for childhood obesity-Does physical activity modify the associations? The MoBa cohort study.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

High maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), high birth weight, and rapid infant weight gain are associated with increased risk of childhood obesity. We examined whether moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) or vigorous physical activity (VPA) in 9- to 12-year-olds modified the associations between these early life risk factors and subsequent body composition and BMI.

Methods

We used data from a sub-cohort of the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), including 445 children with available data on accelerometer assessed physical activity (PA). All participants had data on BMI, 186 of them provided data on body composition (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)). We used multiple regression analyses to examine the modifying effect of PA by including interaction terms.

Results

Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and infant weight gain were more strongly related to childhood body composition in boys than in girls. Higher VPA attenuated the association between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and BMI in boys (low VPA: B = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.22, 0.41; high VPA B = 0.22, 95% CI = 0.12, 0.31). Birth weight was unrelated to childhood body composition, and there was no effect modification by PA. PA attenuated the associations between infant weight gain and childhood fat mass (low MVPA: B = 2.32, 95% CI = 0.48, 4.17; high MVPA: B = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.10, 1.90) and percent fat (low MVPA: B = 3.35, 95% CI = 0.56, 6.14; high MVPA: B = 1.41, 95% CI = -0.06, 2.87) in boys, but not girls.

Conclusion

Findings from this study suggest that MVPA and VPA may attenuate the increased risk of an unfavorable body composition and BMI due to high maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and rapid infant weight gain in boys, but not in girls.

SUBMITTER: Bernhardsen GP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6852336 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Early life risk factors for childhood obesity-Does physical activity modify the associations? The MoBa cohort study.

Bernhardsen Guro Pauck GP Stensrud Trine T Nystad Wenche W Dalene Knut Eirik KE Kolle Elin E Ekelund Ulf U

Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports 20190703 10

<h4>Objectives</h4>High maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), high birth weight, and rapid infant weight gain are associated with increased risk of childhood obesity. We examined whether moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) or vigorous physical activity (VPA) in 9- to 12-year-olds modified the associations between these early life risk factors and subsequent body composition and BMI.<h4>Methods</h4>We used data from a sub-cohort of the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (Mo ...[more]

PMID: 31220367

Similar Datasets

Project description:Few studies have investigated longitudinal associations between early life phthalate exposure and subsequent obesity and cardiovascular risks in children with inconsistent results. We aimed to evaluate the associations between phthalate exposure during gestation and childhood with offspring obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in 500 mother-child pairs from the Rhea pregnancy cohort in Crete, Greece. Seven phthalate metabolites [monoethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP)] were quantified in spot urine samples collected from mothers (1st trimester) and their children at 4 years of age. We calculated the molar sum of DEHP metabolites (MEHP, MEHHP, MEOHP). We measured child weight, height, waist circumference, skinfold thicknesses, blood pressure (BP), and lipids at 4 and 6 years and leptin, adiponectin, and C-reactive protein at 4 years. We used generalized estimating equations to examine associations at each age and tested for interaction by sex. Child exposure to phthalate metabolites was associated with lower BMI z-scores in boys and higher BMI z-scores in girls. Each 10-fold increase in ?DEHP was associated with a change in waist circumference of -2.6 cm (95% CI: -4.72, -0.48) in boys vs. 2.14 cm (95% CI: -0.14, 4.43) in girls (p-sex interaction = 0.003) and a change in waist-to-height ratio of -0.01 (95% CI: -0.03, 0.01) in boys vs. 0.02 (95% CI: 0.01, 0.04) in girls (p-sex interaction = 0.006). Phthalate metabolite concentrations at age 4 were negatively associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. MEP was associated with lower systolic BP z-scores (adj. ? = -0.22; 95% CI: -0.36, -0.08) at 4 years. MnBP and MBzP were associated with lower diastolic BP z-scores (adj. ? = -0.13; 95%CI: -0.23, -0.04, and adj. ? = -0.11; 95% CI: -0.21, -0.01, respectively). A 10-fold increase in MiBP was associated with 4.4% higher total cholesterol levels (95% CI: 0.2, 8.7). Prenatal phthalate exposure was not consistently associated with child adiposity and cardiometabolic measures. Our findings suggest that early life phthalate exposure may affect child growth and adiposity in a sex-specific manner and depends on the timing of exposure.

Project description:Rapid postnatal weight gain is a potentially modifiable risk factor for obesity and metabolic syndrome. To identify markers of rapid infancy weight gain and childhood obesity, we analyzed the metabolome in cord blood from infants differing in their postnatal weight trajectories.We performed a nested case-control study within Project Viva, a longitudinal cohort of mothers and children. We selected cases (n=26) based on top quartile of change in weight-for-age 0-6 months and body mass index (BMI) >85th percentile in mid-childhood (median 7.7 years). Controls (n=26) were age and sex matched, had normal postnatal weight gain (2nd or 3rd quartile of change in weight-for-age 0-6 months) and normal mid-childhood weight (BMI 25th-75th percentile). Cord blood metabolites were measured using untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; individual metabolites and pathways differing between cases and controls were compared in categorical analyses. We adjusted metabolites for maternal age, maternal BMI and breastfeeding duration (linear regression), and assessed whether metabolites improved the ability to predict case-control status (logistic regression).Of 415 detected metabolites, 16 were altered in cases versus controls (t-test, nominal P<0.05). Three metabolites were related to tryptophan: serotonin, tryptophan betaine and tryptophyl leucine (46%, 48% and 26% lower in cases, respectively, P<0.05). Mean levels of two methyl donors, dimethylglycine and N-acetylmethionine, were also lower in cases (18% and 16%, respectively, P=0.01). Moreover, the glutamine:glutamate ratio was reduced by 33% (P<0.05) in cases. Levels of serotonin, tryptophyl leucine and N-acetylmethionine remained significantly different after adjustment for maternal BMI, age and breastfeeding. Adding metabolite levels to logistic regression models including only clinical covariates improved the ability to predict case versus control status.Several cord blood metabolites are associated with rapid postnatal weight gain. Whether these patterns are causally linked to childhood obesity is not clear from this cross-sectional analysis, but will require further study.

Project description:BACKGROUND:The early life risk factors of childhood obesity among preterm infants are unclear and little is known about the influence of the feeding practices. We aimed to identify early life risk factors for childhood overweight/obesity among preterm infants and to determine feeding practices that could modify the identified risk factors. METHODS:A total of 338,413 mother-child pairs were enrolled in the Jiaxing Birth Cohort (1999 to 2013), and 2125 eligible singleton preterm born children were included for analyses. We obtained data on health examination, anthropometric measurement, lifestyle, and dietary habits of each participant at their visits to clinics. An interpretable machine learning-based analytic framework was used to identify early life predictors for childhood overweight/obesity, and Poisson regression was used to examine the associations between feeding practices and the identified leading predictor. RESULTS:Of the eligible 2125 preterm infants (863 [40.6%] girls), 274 (12.9%) developed overweight/obesity at age 4-7?years. We summarized early life variables into 25 features and identified two most important features as predictors for childhood overweight/obesity: trajectory of infant BMI (body mass index) Z-score change during the first year of corrected age and maternal BMI at enrollment. According to the impacts of different BMI Z-score trajectories on the outcome, we classified this feature into the favored and unfavored trajectories. Compared with early introduction of solid foods (??3?months of corrected age), introducing solid foods after 6?months of corrected age was significantly associated with 11% lower risk (risk ratio, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.82 to 0.97) of being in the unfavored trajectory. CONCLUSIONS:The trajectory of BMI Z-score change within the first year of life is the most important predictor for childhood overweight/obesity among preterm infants. Introducing solid foods after 6?months of corrected age is a recommended feeding practice for mitigating the risk of being in the unfavored trajectory.

Project description:BackgroundOver recent decades, Vietnam has experienced rapid economic growth, a nutrition transition from the traditional diet to highly-processed and calorie-dense foods and beverages, and an increasing prevalence of childhood overweight/obesity (ow/ob). The goal of this study is to describe the patterns of ow/ob in a longitudinal sample of Vietnamese children from ages 1 to 8, and the sociodemographic and behavioral factors associated with ow/ob at age 8.MethodsThis study is a secondary data analysis of a geographically-representative, longitudinal cohort of 1961 Vietnamese children from the Young Lives Cohort Study from 2002 to 2009. Thirty-one communities were selected with oversampling in rural communities, and children age 1 were recruited from each community using simple random sampling. Surveys of families and measurements of children were collected at child ages 1, 5, and 8. Our specified outcome measure was childhood ow/ob at age 8, defined by the World Health Organization's thresholds for body-mass-index (BMI) for age Z-scores. Associations between early and concurrent socio-behavioral factors, childhood nutrition and physical activity variables were analyzed using STATA 15. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were completed utilizing logistic regression models.ResultsThe prevalence of ow/ob increased from 1.1% in both sexes at age 1 to 7% in females and 13% in males at age 8. Bivariate analyses show greater likelihood of ow/ob at age 8 was significantly associated with early life sociodemographic factors (at age 1), male sex (OR = 2.2, 1.6-3.1), higher wealth (OR = 1.1-1.4), and urban residence (OR = 4.3, 3-6). In adjusted analyses, ow/ob at age 8 was associated with early nutrition practices at age 5, including frequent consumption of powdered milk (OR = 2.8, 1.6-4.6), honey/sugar (OR = 2.7, 1.8-4.1), prepared restaurant/fast foods (OR = 4.6, 2.6-8.2), and packaged sweets (OR = 3.4, 2.3-4.9). In addition, breastfeeding for 6 months or longer was protective against obesity at age 8 (OR = 0.3, 0.1-0.9).ConclusionsWe found that increased consumption of powdered milk, honey/sugar, packaged sweets, and prepared restaurants/fast foods are associated with childhood ow/ob. In contrast, breastfeeding for 6 months or longer was protective against childhood ow/ob. These findings suggest that public health programs and campaigns aimed to prevent childhood ow/ob in Vietnam should target early feeding practices.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Chemical and nonchemical environmental exposures are increasingly suspected to influence the development of obesity, especially during early life, but studies mostly consider single exposure groups. OBJECTIVES:Our study aimed to systematically assess the association between a wide array of early-life environmental exposures and childhood obesity, using an exposome-wide approach. METHODS:The HELIX (Human Early Life Exposome) study measured child body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, skinfold thickness, and body fat mass in 1,301 children from six European birth cohorts age 6-11 y. We estimated 77 prenatal exposures and 96 childhood exposures (cross-sectionally), including indoor and outdoor air pollutants, built environment, green spaces, tobacco smoking, and biomarkers of chemical pollutants (persistent organic pollutants, metals, phthalates, phenols, and pesticides). We used an exposure-wide association study (ExWAS) to screen all exposure-outcome associations independently and used the deletion-substitution-addition (DSA) variable selection algorithm to build a final multiexposure model. RESULTS:The prevalence of overweight and obesity combined was 28.8%. Maternal smoking was the only prenatal exposure variable associated with higher child BMI (z-score increase of 0.28, 95% confidence interval: 0.09, 0.48, for active vs. no smoking). For childhood exposures, the multiexposure model identified particulate and nitrogen dioxide air pollution inside the home, urine cotinine levels indicative of secondhand smoke exposure, and residence in more densely populated areas and in areas with fewer facilities to be associated with increased child BMI. Child blood levels of copper and cesium were associated with higher BMI, and levels of organochlorine pollutants, cobalt, and molybdenum were associated with lower BMI. Similar results were found for the other adiposity outcomes. DISCUSSION:This first comprehensive and systematic analysis of many suspected environmental obesogens strengthens evidence for an association of smoking, air pollution exposure, and characteristics of the built environment with childhood obesity risk. Cross-sectional biomarker results may suffer from reverse causality bias, whereby obesity status influenced the biomarker concentration. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP5975.

Project description:ObjectiveAsthma is a common chronic disease that imposes a substantial burden on individuals and society. However, the natural history of childhood asthma in a large population remained to be studied. This study aimed to describe the natural course of childhood asthma and examine the association between early life factors and childhood asthma.DesignA population-based cohort study.SettingThis study was based on the national registry data in Denmark.ParticipantsAll liveborn singletons in Denmark during 1995-1997 were identified and followed them till the end of 2009. Finally, 193 673 children were eligible for our study.ExposuresThe following characteristics were examined as potential early life factors associated with childhood asthma, including parity, maternal asthma history, maternal smoking during pregnancy, maternal social status, delivery method and gender.Main outcomes and measuresAsthma cases were identified on the basis of hospitalisation for asthma and prescriptions for antiasthmatic medications. Asthma remission was defined as no hospitalisation or prescription recorded for 2 years. Cox proportional hazards' regression and logistic regression were used to evaluate the association between early life factors and the occurrence and remission of childhood asthma.ResultsThe cumulative occurrence rate of asthma in children aged 3-14 years was 13.3% and the remission rate was 44.1%. The occurrence rate decreased with age. Being female had a lower risk of asthma (HR: 0.72, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.74) and higher remission rate of asthma (HR: 1.18, 1.13 to 1.22), while maternal asthma was associated with a higher risk of asthma (HR: 2.15, 2.04 to 2.26) and decreased remission rate of asthma (HR: 0.79, 0.73 to 0.85). These patterns remained the same for early onset asthma.ConclusionsFemale gender had a lower risk of asthma and a better chance of remission, while maternal asthma history had an opposite effect. The early life factors may influence the natural course of childhood asthma.

Dataset Information

Early life risk factors for childhood obesity-Does physical activity modify the associations? The MoBa cohort study.

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Early life risk factors for childhood obesity-Does physical activity modify the associations? The MoBa cohort study.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure