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Osteoporosis in colorectal cancer survivors: analysis of the linkage between SWOG trial enrollees and Medicare claims.

ABSTRACT: To explore the rates of osteoporosis (diagnosis and screening) and fractures in colorectal cancer survivors (CRCS), records of clinical trial enrollees was linked to Medicare. Female/male risk of fracture in CRCS is 74% higher than general population. Less than 30% of male and female CRCS receive osteoporosis screening. Osteoporosis is a significant morbidity in CRCS. INTRODUCTION:In the USA, the population of colorectal cancer survivors (CRCS) is on the rise. Calcium and vitamin D are the common thread between colorectal cancer and osteoporosis. We set to explore the patterns and prevalence of osteoporosis (OP) and osteoporotic fractures (OF) in CRCS who received fluorouracil-based therapy on SWOG trials. METHODS:Data for CRCS from three SWOG phase III treatment trials between 1994 and 2000 (N?=?3775) were linked to Medicare claims (N?=?1233). OP was identified using ICD9 and HCPCS codes; OF was defined using a more restricted set of codes. We compared patterns of OP, OF, and screening for OP by gender in CRCS. Given the gender disparities in the rates of OP and OF, we used data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and the National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS) to assess the ratio of OF in females and males in general population. RESULTS:Forty-seven percent of females and 15% of men CRCS had OP claims. Female CRCS were more likely than males to have OP (HR?=?4.76 [3.77-6.01], p?

SUBMITTER: Barzi A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6852789 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Osteoporosis in colorectal cancer survivors: analysis of the linkage between SWOG trial enrollees and Medicare claims.

Barzi Afsaneh A Hershman Dawn L DL Till Cathee C Barlow William E WE Ramsey Scott S Lenz Heinz-Josef HJ Hochster Howard S HS Unger Joseph M JM

Archives of osteoporosis 20190728 1

To explore the rates of osteoporosis (diagnosis and screening) and fractures in colorectal cancer survivors (CRCS), records of clinical trial enrollees was linked to Medicare. Female/male risk of fracture in CRCS is 74% higher than general population. Less than 30% of male and female CRCS receive osteoporosis screening. Osteoporosis is a significant morbidity in CRCS.<h4>Introduction</h4>In the USA, the population of colorectal cancer survivors (CRCS) is on the rise. Calcium and vitamin D are th ...[more]

PMID: 31352608

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Project description:BackgroundThe linkage of registries to Medicare claims data can help extend follow-up for patients receiving medical devices. In the present study, we tested and validated an algorithm that does not require patient identifiers to link data from a national vascular registry and Medicare claims data.MethodsWe used data from the Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI), a registry capturing data from >600 centers for several different vascular procedures, and Medicare claims from 2003 to 2018. We restricted the study to patients aged ≥65 years who had fee-for-service entitlement at their procedure. We performed an indirect linkage to combine the VQI and Medicare data at the patient level using a sequential algorithm based on the patient's date of birth, sex, zip code, procedure date, and procedure facility. We compared the indirectly linked cohort against a reference standard of a cohort directly linked using Social Security numbers. We calculated the matching rate and accuracy overall and before and after October 2015 when the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) system was adopted in the United States.ResultsA total of 144,045 VQI-Medicare-linked patients were in the reference standard cohort. Using the indirect linking algorithm, we matched 133,966 of the 144,045 VQI patients to their Medicare claims with a matching rate of 93.0%. Of the 133,966 patients, 133,104 were correctly matched (matching accuracy, 99.4%). The matching rate was higher when the indirect linkage was implemented using the ICD-10 coded data than using the ICD-9 coded data (94.0% vs 92.2%). The accuracy of the indirect linkage remained high for all procedure modules after the ICD-10 coding change (overall, 99.4%; range, 99.0%-99.7%).ConclusionsIn the present study, we successfully used indirect identifiers to link the VQI data to Medicare claims with >90% success and >99% accuracy. When direct linkage of the registry claims data using Social Security numbers is not possible because of availability or confidentiality, or both, our algorithm for indirect linkage provides a suitable alternative. The matching rate and accuracy will help ensure the accuracy of long-term follow-up and the completeness and representativeness of linked databases for relevant research and quality improvement initiatives.

Project description:ImportanceCost-sharing requirements can discourage patients from seeking care and impose financial hardship. The Medicare program serves many older and disabled individuals with multimorbidity and limited resources, but little has been known about the affordability of care in this population.ObjectiveTo examine the affordability of medical care among Medicare enrollees, in terms of the prevalence of delaying medical care because of costs and having problems paying medical bills, and risk factors for these outcomes.Design setting and participantsCross-sectional analyses conducted from November 1, 2019, to October 15, 2021, used logistic regression to compare the probability of outcomes by demographic and health characteristics. Data were obtained from the 2017 nationally representative Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (response rate, 61.7%), with respondents representing 53 million community-dwelling Medicare enrollees.Main outcomes and measuresNew questions about medical care affordability were included in the 2017 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey: difficulty paying medical bills, ongoing medical debt, and contact by collection agencies. A companion survey question asked whether individuals had delayed seeking medical care because of worries about costs.ResultsRespondents included 10 974 adults aged 65 years or older and 2197 aged 18 to 64 years; 54.2% of all respondents were women. The weighted proportions of Medicare enrollees with annual incomes below $25 000K were 30.7% in the older population and 67.4% in the younger group. Self-reported prevalence of delaying care because of cost was 8.3% (95% CI, 7.4%-9.1%) among enrollees aged 65 years or older, 25.2% (95% CI, 21.8%-28.6%) among enrollees younger than 65 years, and 10.9% (95% CI, 9.9%-11.9%) overall. Similarly, 7.4% (95% CI, 6.6%-8.2%) of older enrollees had problems paying medical bills, compared with 29.8% (95% CI, 25.6%-34.1%) among those younger than 65 years and 10.8% (95% CI, 9.8%-11.9%) overall. Regarding specific payment problems, 7.9% (95% CI, 7.0%-8.9%) of enrollees overall experienced ongoing medical debt, contact by a collection agency, or both. In adjusted analyses, older adults with incomes $15 000 to $25 000 per year had odds of delaying care more than twice as high as those with incomes greater than $50 000 (odds ratio, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.82-3.39), and their odds of problems paying medical bills were more than 3 times as high (odds ratio, 3.37; 95% CI, 2.81-5.21). Older adults with 4 to 10 chronic conditions were more than twice as likely to have problems paying medical bills as those with 0 or 1 condition.Conclusions and relevanceThe findings of this study suggest that unaffordability of medical care is common among Medicare enrollees, especially those with lower incomes, or worse health, or who qualify for Medicare based on disability. Policy reforms, such as caps on patient spending, are needed to reduce Medical cost burdens on the most vulnerable enrollees.

Project description:BackgroundTo assess the interaction of breast cancer, HIV infection, Medicare disability status, cancer stage and its implications for outcomes, after accounting for competing risks among female, fee-for-service Medicare enrollees.MethodsWe used data from Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) -Medicare (2000-2013). From primary female breast cancer cases diagnosed between 2001 and 2011, we identified those with HIV infection. We used Generalized Linear Model for phase-specific incremental cost of HIV, Cox regression for association between HIV and all-cause mortality, and Fine and Gray competing risk models to assess hazard of breast cancer-specific mortality by HIV status. We also studied this association for subgroups of cancer stage and disability status.FindingsOf 164,080 eligible cases of breast cancer, 176 had HIV infection. Compared to HIV-uninfected patients, HIV infected patients had 16% higher cost in initial phase, and 80% higher cost in interim stage of care, and at least two times higher mortality (all-cause and breast cancer-specific), after accounting for competing risk. Among disabled enrollees, HIV-infected patients had higher risk of all-cause and breast cancer-specific mortality, compared to HIV-uninfected patients.InterpretationFemale fee-for-service Medicare enrollees with breast cancer experience higher initial and interim phase cost and worse survival in the presence of HIV. This association was also significant among disabled Medicare enrollees. Medicare is the single largest source of federal financing for HIV care. Burden on Medicare will grow exponentially due to higher proportion of disabled among HIV-infected enrollees, longer survival among HIV- infected persons, increased HIV incidence in older adults, and increased age related risk of breast cancer. Future research can identify the pathways via which HIV infection affects cost and mortality, and develop integrated strategies for effective management of concomitant breast cancer and HIV and inform survivorship guidelines.FundingNational Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Grant # R21AG34870-1A1.

Project description:BackgroundThe decision to screen for breast cancer among older adults with dementia is complex and must often be individualized, as these individuals have an elevated risk of harm from over-screening. Medicare beneficiaries with dementia are increasingly enrolling in Medicare Advantage plans, which typically promote receipt of preventive cancer screening among their enrollees. This study examined the utilization of breast cancer screening among Medicare enrollees with dementia, in Medicare Advantage and in fee-for-service Medicare.MethodsWe conducted a pooled cross-sectional study of women with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias or cognitive impairment who were eligible for mammogram screening. We used Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey data to identify utilization of biennial mammogram screening between 2012 and 2019. Poisson regression models were used to estimate prevalence ratios of mammogram utilization and to calculate adjusted mammogram rates for Medicare Advantage and fee-for-service Medicare enrollees with dementia, and further stratified by rurality and by dual eligibility for Medicare and Medicaid.ResultsMammogram utilization was 16% higher (Prevalence Ratio [PR] 1.16; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.29) among Medicare Advantage enrollees with dementia, compared to their counterparts in fee-for-service Medicare. Rural enrollees experienced no significant difference (PR 0.99; 95% CI: 0.72, 1.37) in mammogram use between Medicare Advantage and fee-for-service Medicare enrollees. Among urban enrollees, Medicare Advantage enrollment was associated with a 21% higher mammogram rate (PR 1.21; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.35). Dual-eligible Medicare Advantage enrollees had a 34% higher mammogram rate (PR 1.34; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.63) than dual-eligible fee-for-service Medicare enrollees. Among non-dual-eligible enrollees, adjusted mammogram rates were not significantly different (PR 1.11; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.24) between Medicare Advantage and fee-for-service Medicare enrollees.ConclusionsMedicare beneficiaries age 65-74 with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias or cognitive impairment had a higher mammogram use rate when they were enrolled in Medicare Advantage plans compared to fee-for-service Medicare, especially when they were dual-eligible or lived in urban areas. However, some Medicare Advantage enrollees with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias or cognitive impairment may have experienced over-screening for breast cancer.

Dataset Information

Osteoporosis in colorectal cancer survivors: analysis of the linkage between SWOG trial enrollees and Medicare claims.

Publications

Osteoporosis in colorectal cancer survivors: analysis of the linkage between SWOG trial enrollees and Medicare claims.

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