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Molecular characterization of Ehrlichia canis from naturally infected dogs from the state of Rio de Janeiro.

ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of Ehrlichia canis in naturally infected dogs from six mesoregions of Rio de Janeiro state. E. canis was diagnosed with a real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) targeting a 93 base pair (bp) fragment of the 16S rDNA gene. To evaluate the genetic diversity of the parasite, we amplified a positive sample from each mesoregion by distinct conventional PCR assays with targets in the gp19 (414 bp), gp36 (814 bp), and p28 (843 bp) genes. A total of 267 samples were collected from dogs in Rio de Janeiro state. Among the samples analyzed, 42.3% (n?=?113/267) were 16S rDNA-qPCR positive. When performing PCR for the gp19 and gp36 genes, 100% (n?=?113/113) and 5.3% (n?=?6/113) of the samples amplified fragments of 414 bp and 814 bp, respectively. The six PCR-positive samples for the gp36 gene also amplified the p28 gene fragment. The characterization based on the gp19 gene demonstrated that it is highly conserved. In protein analysis (TRP36), all samples showed a tandem repeat protein (TRP) that comprised 11 replicates. Seven high-entropy amino acid sites were distributed throughout the gp36 gene. Eleven high-entropy amino acid sites were found throughout the p28 gene. There is a positive selection pressure in both genes (p???0.05). Comparing and characterizing an organism are useful for providing important information about the host's immune response and identifying new antigenic targets, as well as essential characteristics for the development of vaccines and new diagnostic tools.

SUBMITTER: da Costa RL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6863331 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Sporotrichosis associated with zoonotic transmission remains a relevant public health problem in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, affecting a large at-risk population, which includes HIV-infected individuals. We assessed patients co-infected by Sporothrix spp. and HIV over time in the context of an unabated sporotrichosis epidemic. A retrospective cohort retrieved information from a National reference institute for infectious diseases regarding 48 patients with sporotrichosis-HIV co-infection (group 1) as well as 3,570 patients with sporotrichosis (group 2), from 1987 through March 2013. Most patients from group 1 were male (68.8%), whereas women were predominant in group 2 (69.1%; p<0.0001). Patients from group 1 were younger than those from group 2 (??=?38.38±10.17 vs. 46.34±15.85; p<0.001) and differed from group 2 in terms of their race/ethnic background, with 70.8% non-white patients in group 1 vs. 38.6% from group 2 (p<0.0001). Close to half (?44%) of the patients from group 1 were hospitalized due to sporotrichosis over time, whereas hospitalization was very unlikely in group 2, among whom approximately 1% were hospitalized over time. Dissemination of sporotrichosis was the main cause of hospitalization in both groups, although it was more common among hospitalized patients from group 1 (19/21 [90.5%] vs. 16/37 [43.2%]; p<0.001). Over the period under analysis, eight patients died due to sporotrichosis (3/48 vs. 5/3,570). The diagnosis of sporotrichosis elicited HIV testing and subsequent diagnosis in 19/48 patients, whereas 23/48 patients were simultaneously diagnosed with the two infections. HIV infection aggravates sporotrichosis, with a higher incidence of severe disseminated cases and a higher number of hospitalizations and deaths. Underserved populations, among whom sporotrichosis has been propagated, have been affected by different transmissible (e.g., HIV) and non-transmissible diseases. These populations should be targeted by community development programs and entitled to integrated management and care of their superimposed burdens.

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Molecular characterization of Ehrlichia canis from naturally infected dogs from the state of Rio de Janeiro.

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