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Early pregnancy body mass index modifies the association of pre-pregnancy dietary patterns with serum polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations throughout pregnancy in Brazilian women.

ABSTRACT: Dietary patterns (DPs) have been described as an important factor that may influence polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations and body mass index (BMI) during pregnancy. We aim to evaluate the association between pre-pregnancy DPs and serum PUFA percentages throughout pregnancy considering early pregnancy BMI as a possible effect modifier. A prospective cohort of 154 pregnant women was followed (5th-13th, 20th-26th, and 30th-36th gestational weeks). Serum PUFA concentrations (total n-3 and total n-6, eicosapentaenoic + docosahexaenoic acids) were measured in each trimester and expressed as percentages. The n-6/n-3 ratio was calculated. Longitudinal linear mixed-effects models including interaction terms between DPs and early pregnancy BMI were employed. Serum PUFA percentages declined, whereas the n-6/n-3 ratio, monounsaturated, and saturated percentages increased throughout pregnancy for all BMI categories. Three pre-pregnancy DPs were identified by principal component analysis (common Brazilian, healthy, and processed). Overweight women with higher adherence to the common-Brazilian and to the healthy DPs presented reduced n-3 PUFA percentage and increased n-6 percentages and n-6/n-3 ratio compared to under or normal weight women. Obese women with higher adherence to the processed DP presented a more pronounced decrease of total n-3 percentage compared to under or normal weight women. Early pregnancy BMI modified the effect of pre-pregnancy DPs on PUFA profile throughout gestation. Higher adherence to the healthy pattern was associated with increased n-3 percentage, except for overweight women. Only for processed DP was the behaviour of PUFA the same for all BMI categories, showing a worse evolution profile, that is, increased n-6 and reduced n-3 fractions.

SUBMITTER: Benaim C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6866055 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Early pregnancy body mass index modifies the association of pre-pregnancy dietary patterns with serum polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations throughout pregnancy in Brazilian women.

Benaim Camila C Freitas-Vilela Ana Amélia AA Pinto Thatiana de Jesus Pereira TJP Lepsch Jaqueline J Farias Dayana Rodrigues DR Dos Santos Vaz Juliana J El-Bacha Tatiana T Kac Gilberto G

Maternal & child nutrition 20170621 1

Dietary patterns (DPs) have been described as an important factor that may influence polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations and body mass index (BMI) during pregnancy. We aim to evaluate the association between pre-pregnancy DPs and serum PUFA percentages throughout pregnancy considering early pregnancy BMI as a possible effect modifier. A prospective cohort of 154 pregnant women was followed (5th-13th, 20th-26th, and 30th-36th gestational weeks). Serum PUFA concentrations (total n-3 a ...[more]

PMID: 28635163

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Project description:BackgroundDuring pregnancy, healthy maternal body weight and a nutritionally complete diet provide a favorable environment for fetal development. Yet nearly two-thirds of women of reproductive age in the United States (US) are either overweight or obese. The objective of this research was to investigate the relationship between a measure of dietary diversity and body mass index (BMI) in a sample of women enrolled in a US pregnancy cohort.MethodsDietary data was obtained from one 24-hour dietary recall collected during the third trimester of pregnancy (n = 40). Pre-pregnancy BMI was calculated from pre-pregnancy weight and height self-reported by survey at the time of enrollment. Using the Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W) indicator developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, dietary data was categorized and scored.ResultsOverall, 35% of participants did not achieve minimum dietary diversity (MDD-W ?5). In addition, 45% of participants were obese, 35% were normal weight and 20% were overweight. Women with higher BMI had lower MDD-W scores than women with lower BMI (p < 0.05). The median MDD-W for both normal and overweight women was ?5 indicating that normal and overweight pregnant women tended to consume a diet that was high in micronutrients. Conversely, the median MDD-W for obese women was below 5 meaning these women tended to consume a diet that was low in micronutrient density. The most commonly consumed food group was grain. In addition, 75% of all participants consumed sweetened drinks. Individuals with an MDD-W score ?5, were more likely to have consumed dark green leafy vegetables, vitamin A-rich fruits or vegetables, other vegetables and other fruits than those with MDD-W scores <5.DiscussionIn this study, we show that a food group diversity indicator that has been shown to reflect adequacy of micronutrient intake in populations from less economically developed countries may also be informative in US populations. Furthermore, these results reflect the importance of encouraging all pregnant women with less varied diets to consume more fruits and vegetables.

Dataset Information

Early pregnancy body mass index modifies the association of pre-pregnancy dietary patterns with serum polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations throughout pregnancy in Brazilian women.

Publications

Early pregnancy body mass index modifies the association of pre-pregnancy dietary patterns with serum polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations throughout pregnancy in Brazilian women.

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