Dataset Information

The Regulation of Plant Secondary Metabolism in Response to Abiotic Stress: Interactions Between Heat Shock and Elevated CO₂.

ABSTRACT: Future climate change is set to have an impact on the physiological performance of global vegetation. Increasing temperature and atmospheric CO₂ concentration will affect plant growth, net primary productivity, photosynthetic capability, and other biochemical functions that are essential for normal metabolic function. Alongside the primary metabolic function effects of plant growth and development, the effect of stress on plant secondary metabolism from both biotic and abiotic sources will be impacted by changes in future climate. Using an untargeted metabolomic fingerprinting approach alongside emissions measurements, we investigate for the first time how elevated atmospheric CO₂ and temperature both independently and interactively impact on plant secondary metabolism through resource allocation, with a resulting "trade-off" between secondary metabolic processes in Salix spp. and in particular, isoprene biosynthesis. Although it has been previously reported that isoprene is suppressed in times of elevated CO₂, and that isoprene emissions increase as a response to short-term heat shock, no study has investigated the interactive effects at the metabolic level. We have demonstrated that at a metabolic level isoprene is still being produced during periods of both elevated CO₂ and temperature, and that ultimately temperature has the greater effect. With global temperature and atmospheric CO₂ concentrations rising as a result of anthropogenic activity, it is imperative to understand the interactions between atmospheric processes and global vegetation, especially given that global isoprene emissions have the potential to contribute to atmospheric warming mitigation.

SUBMITTER: Austen N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6868642 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

The Regulation of Plant Secondary Metabolism in Response to Abiotic Stress: Interactions Between Heat Shock and Elevated CO<sub>2</sub>.

Austen Nichola N Walker Heather J HJ Lake Janice Ann JA Phoenix Gareth K GK Cameron Duncan Drummond DD

Frontiers in plant science 20191114

Future climate change is set to have an impact on the physiological performance of global vegetation. Increasing temperature and atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration will affect plant growth, net primary productivity, photosynthetic capability, and other biochemical functions that are essential for normal metabolic function. Alongside the primary metabolic function effects of plant growth and development, the effect of stress on plant secondary metabolism from both biotic and abiotic sources ...[more]

PMID: 31803207

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Project description:The degree to which elevated CO2 concentrations (e[CO2 ]) increase the amount of carbon (C) assimilated by vegetation plays a key role in climate change. However, due to the short-term nature of CO2 enrichment experiments and the lack of reconciliation between different ecological scales, the effect of e[CO2 ] on plant biomass stocks remains a major uncertainty in future climate projections. Here, we review the effect of e[CO2 ] on plant biomass across multiple levels of ecological organization, scaling from physiological responses to changes in population-, community-, ecosystem-, and global-scale dynamics. We find that evidence for a sustained biomass response to e[CO2 ] varies across ecological scales, leading to diverging conclusions about the responses of individuals, populations, communities, and ecosystems. While the distinct focus of every scale reveals new mechanisms driving biomass accumulation under e[CO2 ], none of them provides a full picture of all relevant processes. For example, while physiological evidence suggests a possible long-term basis for increased biomass accumulation under e[CO2 ] through sustained photosynthetic stimulation, population-scale evidence indicates that a possible e[CO2 ]-induced increase in mortality rates might potentially outweigh the effect of increases in plant growth rates on biomass levels. Evidence at the global scale may indicate that e[CO2 ] has contributed to increased biomass cover over recent decades, but due to the difficulty to disentangle the effect of e[CO2 ] from a variety of climatic and land-use-related drivers of plant biomass stocks, it remains unclear whether nutrient limitations or other ecological mechanisms operating at finer scales will dampen the e[CO2 ] effect over time. By exploring these discrepancies, we identify key research gaps in our understanding of the effect of e[CO2 ] on plant biomass and highlight the need to integrate knowledge across scales of ecological organization so that large-scale modeling can represent the finer-scale mechanisms needed to constrain our understanding of future terrestrial C storage.

Project description:Background and aimsNowadays, the plant family 1 glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are attracting more and more attention since members of this family can improve the properties of secondary metabolites and have significantly enriched the chemical species in plants. Over the past decade, most studies on UGTs have been conducted in Arabidopsis thaliana and they were proved to play diverse roles during the plant life cycle. The Zea mays (maize) GT1 family comprises a large number of UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) members. However, their enzyme activities and the biological functions are rarely revealed. In this study, a maize flavonol glycosyltransferase, UFGT2, is identified and its biological role is characterized in detail.MethodsThe UFGT2 enzyme activity, the flavonol and glycoside levels in planta were examined by high- performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The functions of UFGT2 in modifying flavonols, mediating flavonol accumulation and improving stress tolerance were analysed using two ufgt2 mutants and transgenic arabidopsis plants.Key resultsBy in vitro enzyme assay, the maize UFGT2 was found to show strong activity towards two flavonols: kaemferol and quercetin. Two ufgt2 knockout mutants, Mu689 and Mu943, exhibited obvious sensitivity to salt and drought stresses. The endogenous quercetin and kaempferol glycosides, as well as the total flavonol levels were found to be substantially decreased in the two ufgt2 mutants, with declined H2O2-scavenging capacity. In contrast, ectopic expression of UFGT2 in arabidopsis led to increased flavonol contents and enhanced oxidative tolerance. Moreover, expression of typical stress-related genes in arabidopsis and maize were affected in UFGT2 overexpression plants or knockout mutants in response to abiotic stresses. UFGT2 was also transferred into the arabidopsis ugt78d2 mutant and it was found to recover the deficient flavonol glycoside pattern in the ugt78d2 mutant, which confirmed its catalysing activity in planta.ConclusionIt is demonstrated in our study that a maize glycosyltransferase, UFGT2, involved in modifying flavonols, contributes to improving plant tolerance to abiotic stresses.

Dataset Information

The Regulation of Plant Secondary Metabolism in Response to Abiotic Stress: Interactions Between Heat Shock and Elevated CO₂.

Publications

The Regulation of Plant Secondary Metabolism in Response to Abiotic Stress: Interactions Between Heat Shock and Elevated CO<sub>2</sub>.

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Dataset Information

The Regulation of Plant Secondary Metabolism in Response to Abiotic Stress: Interactions Between Heat Shock and Elevated CO2.

Publications

The Regulation of Plant Secondary Metabolism in Response to Abiotic Stress: Interactions Between Heat Shock and Elevated CO<sub>2</sub>.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets

The Regulation of Plant Secondary Metabolism in Response to Abiotic Stress: Interactions Between Heat Shock and Elevated CO₂.