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Modulating functional connectivity patterns and topological functional organization of the human brain with transcranial direct current stimulation.

ABSTRACT: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that alters cortical excitability and activity in a polarity-dependent way. Stimulation for few minutes has been shown to induce plastic alterations of cortical excitability and to improve cognitive performance. These effects might be caused by stimulation-induced alterations of functional cortical network connectivity. We aimed to investigate the impact of tDCS on cortical network function through functional connectivity and graph theoretical analysis. Single recordings in healthy volunteers with 62 electroencephalography channels were acquired before and after 10 min of facilitatory anodal tDCS over the primary motor cortex (M1), combined with inhibitory cathodal tDCS of the contralateral frontopolar cortex, in resting state and during voluntary hand movements. Correlation matrices containing all 62 pairwise electrode combinations were calculated with the synchronization likelihood (SL) method and thresholded to construct undirected graphs for the ?, ?, ?, low-? and high-? frequency bands. SL matrices and undirected graphs were compared before and after tDCS. Functional connectivity patterns significantly increased within premotor, motor, and sensorimotor areas of the stimulated hemisphere during motor activity in the 60-90 Hz frequency range. Additionally, tDCS-induced significant intrahemispheric and interhemispheric connectivity changes in all the studied frequency bands. In summary, we show for the first time evidence for tDCS-induced changes in brain synchronization and topological functional organization.

SUBMITTER: Polania R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6870160 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Modulating functional connectivity patterns and topological functional organization of the human brain with transcranial direct current stimulation.

Polanía Rafael R Nitsche Michael A MA Paulus Walter W

Human brain mapping 20100706 8

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that alters cortical excitability and activity in a polarity-dependent way. Stimulation for few minutes has been shown to induce plastic alterations of cortical excitability and to improve cognitive performance. These effects might be caused by stimulation-induced alterations of functional cortical network connectivity. We aimed to investigate the impact of tDCS on cortical network function through functi ...[more]

PMID: 20607750

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Project description:BackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) encompasses a spectrum that may progress from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to full dementia, characterized by amyloid-beta and tau accumulation. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is being investigated as a therapeutic option, but its efficacy in relation to individual genetic and biological risk factors remains underexplored.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of a two-week anodal tDCS regimen on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, focusing on functional connectivity changes in neural networks in MCI patients resulting from various possible underlying disorders, considering individual factors associated to AD such as amyloid-beta deposition, APOE ϵ4 allele, BDNF Val66Met polymorphism, and sex.MethodsIn a single-arm prospective study, 63 patients with MCI, including both amyloid-PET positive and negative cases, received 10 sessions of tDCS. We assessed intra- and inter-network functional connectivity (FC) using fMRI and analyzed interactions between tDCS effects and individual factors associated to AD.ResultstDCS significantly enhanced intra-network FC within the Salience Network (SN) and inter-network FC between the Central Executive Network and SN, predominantly in APOE ϵ4 carriers. We also observed significant sex*tDCS interactions that benefited inter-network FC among females. Furthermore, the effects of multiple modifiers, particularly the interaction of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and sex, were evident, as demonstrated by increased intra-network FC of the SN in female Met non-carriers. Lastly, the effects of tDCS on FC did not differ between the group of 26 MCI patients with cerebral amyloid-beta deposition detected by flutemetamol PET and the group of 37 MCI patients without cerebral amyloid-beta deposition.ConclusionsThe study highlights the importance of precision medicine in tDCS applications for MCI, suggesting that individual genetic and biological profiles significantly influence therapeutic outcomes. Tailoring interventions based on these profiles may optimize treatment efficacy in early stages of AD.

Project description:Introduction: Conventional transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and high-definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) may improve motor learning in children. Mechanisms are not understood. Neuronavigated robotic transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can produce individualised maps of primary motor cortex (M1) topography. We aimed to determine the effects of tDCS- and HD-tDCS-enhanced motor learning on motor maps. Methods: Typically developing children aged 12-18 years were randomised to right M1 anodal tDCS, HD-tDCS, or Sham during training of their left-hand on the Purdue Pegboard Task (PPT) over 5 days. Bilateral motor mapping was performed at baseline (pre), day 5 (post), and 6-weeks retention time (RT). Primary muscle was the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) with secondary muscles of abductor pollicis brevis (APB) and adductor digiti minimi (ADM). Primary mapping outcomes were volume (mm2/mV) and area (mm2). Secondary outcomes were centre of gravity (COG, mm) and hotspot magnitude (mV). Linear mixed-effects modelling was employed to investigate effects of time and stimulation type (tDCS, HD-tDCS, Sham) on motor map characteristics. Results: Twenty-four right-handed participants (median age 15.5 years, 52% female) completed the study with no serious adverse events or dropouts. Quality maps could not be obtained in two participants. No effect of time or group were observed on map area or volume. LFDI COG (mm) differed in the medial-lateral plane (x-axis) between tDCS and Sham (p = 0.038) from pre-to-post mapping sessions. Shifts in map COG were also observed for secondary left-hand muscles. Map metrics did not correlate with behavioural changes. Conclusion: Robotic TMS mapping can safely assess motor cortex neurophysiology in children undergoing motor learning and neuromodulation interventions. Large effects on map area and volume were not observed while changes in COG may occur. Larger controlled studies are required to understand the role of motor maps in interventional neuroplasticity in children.

Dataset Information

Modulating functional connectivity patterns and topological functional organization of the human brain with transcranial direct current stimulation.

Publications

Modulating functional connectivity patterns and topological functional organization of the human brain with transcranial direct current stimulation.

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