Dataset Information

Lactation and menstruation shift the vaginal microbiota in captive rhesus monkeys to be more similar to the male urethral microbiota.

ABSTRACT: The vaginal microbiota of nonhuman primates differs substantially from humans in terms of Lactobacillus abundance, overall taxonomic diversity, and vaginal pH. Given these differences, it remains unclear in what way the nonhuman primate genital microbiota protects against pathogens, in particular sexually transmitted infections. Considering the effect that microbiota variations can have on disease acquisition and outcome, we examined endogenous and exogenous factors that influence the urogenital microbiota of male and female captive rhesus monkeys. The male urethral (n?=?37) and vaginal (n?=?194) microbiota of 11 breeding groups were examined in a cross-sectional study. During lactation and menstruation, the vaginal microbiota becomes significantly more diverse and more similar to the microbes observed in the male urethra. Group association and cage-mate (sexual partners) relationships were additionally associated with significant differences in the urogenital microbiota. Our results demonstrate that microbiota considerations are necessary in order to make informed selection of nonhuman primates as translational animal models.

SUBMITTER: Hallmaier-Wacker LK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6874612 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Lactation and menstruation shift the vaginal microbiota in captive rhesus monkeys to be more similar to the male urethral microbiota.

Hallmaier-Wacker L K LK Lüert S S Roos C C Knauf S S

Scientific reports 20191122 1

The vaginal microbiota of nonhuman primates differs substantially from humans in terms of Lactobacillus abundance, overall taxonomic diversity, and vaginal pH. Given these differences, it remains unclear in what way the nonhuman primate genital microbiota protects against pathogens, in particular sexually transmitted infections. Considering the effect that microbiota variations can have on disease acquisition and outcome, we examined endogenous and exogenous factors that influence the urogenital ...[more]

PMID: 31758047

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Project description:BackgroundShift work is a potential risk factor for women's reproductive health. Evidence suggests that shift work is associated with menstrual disorders, reproductive disturbances, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, previous studies did not systematically examine the results of menstrual irregularities, dysmenorrhea, and early menopause at the same time.ObjectiveTo determine the relationship between shift work and women's menstrual characteristics (e.g., irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, and early menopause).MethodsFour databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science) were searched up to December 2022. The study characteristics and risk assessment values of the literature were extracted from 21 studies that met the criteria. Odds ratios (ORs), relative risks (RRs), hazard ratios (HRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the relationship between shift work exposure and menstruation. The included studies were evaluated for heterogeneity, publication bias, sensitivity analysis, and subgroup analysis.ResultsA total of 21 studies with 195,538 female participants, including 16 cross-sectional studies and 5 cohort studies, were included in this meta-analysis. According to the quality evaluation, the included research had high methodological quality. The overall ORs of shift work for the likelihood of irregular menstruation and dysmenorrhea were 1.30 (95% CI, 1.23-1.36) (I2 = 41.9%, P < 0.05) and 1.35 (95% CI, 1.04-1.75) (I2 = 73.0%, P < 0.05), respectively. There was a significant positive association between shift work and the risk of early menopause (HR = 1.09, 95% CI, 1.04-1.14), without significant heterogeneity (I2 = 0.0%, P > 0.05).ConclusionsThis meta-analysis indicated that shift workers have significantly higher odds of menstrual disorders, dysmenorrhea, and early menopause. This study focuses on female reproductive health and has broad implications for adjusting optimal working hours and shift schedules for female workers.

Project description:Studies examining hormones throughout pregnancy and lactation in women have been limited to single, or a few repeated, short-term measures of endocrine activity. Furthermore, potential differences in chronic hormonal changes across pregnancy/lactation between first-time and experienced mothers are not well understood, especially as they relate to infant development. Hormone concentrations in hair provide long-term assessments of hormone production, and studying these measures in non-human primates allows for repeated sampling under controlled conditions that are difficult to achieve in humans. We studied hormonal profiles in the hair of 26 female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta, n=12 primiparous), to determine the influences of parity on chronic levels of cortisol (hair cortisol concentration, HCC) and progesterone (hair progesterone concentration, HPC) during early- to mid-pregnancy (PREG1), in late pregnancy/early lactation (PREG2/LACT1), and in peak lactation (LACT2). We also assessed infants' neurobehavioral development across the first month of life. After controlling for age and stage of pregnancy at the first hair sampling period, we found that HCCs overall peaked in PREG2/LACT1 (p=0.02), but only in primiparous monkeys (p<0.001). HPCs declined across pregnancy and lactation for all monkeys (p<0.01), and primiparous monkeys had higher HPCs overall than multiparous monkeys (p=0.02). Infants of primiparous mothers had lower sensorimotor reflex scores (p=0.02) and tended to be more irritable (p=0.05) and less consolable (p=0.08) in the first month of life. Moreover, across all subjects, HCCs in PREG2/LACT1 were positively correlated with irritability (r(s)=0.43, p=0.03) and negatively correlated with sensorimotor scores (r(s)=-0.41, p=0.04). Together, the present results indicate that primiparity influences both chronic maternal hormonal profiles and infant development. These effects may, in part, reflect differential reproductive and maternal effort in mothers with varied caretaking experience. In addition, infant exposure to relatively higher levels of maternal cortisol during the late fetal and early postnatal periods is predictive of poorer developmental outcomes.

Dataset Information

Lactation and menstruation shift the vaginal microbiota in captive rhesus monkeys to be more similar to the male urethral microbiota.

Publications

Lactation and menstruation shift the vaginal microbiota in captive rhesus monkeys to be more similar to the male urethral microbiota.

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