Dataset Information

Female-male differences in prescription pain reliever dependence levels: Evidence on newly incident adolescent and young adult users in the United States, 2002-2014.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:A comprehensive epidemiology of dependence on prescription opioid pain relievers requires evidence about age-specific female-male differences, possibly manifest during adolescent and early adult years. In this study, we identified newly incident extra-medical users of prescription pain relievers (EMPPR), all observed with onsets before the 22nd birthday. We then quantified female-male differences in clinical features or manifestations of opioid dependence (OD), devised a measurement-equivalent OD dimension, and estimated age-specific female-male differences in OD levels. METHOD:The population under study included 12-to-21-year-old non-institutionalized civilian community residents of United States sampled for recent nation-scale surveys. Confidential computer-assisted self-interviews identified newly incident EMPPR users (n?=?10,188). Analysis-weighted estimation procedures yielded cumulative incidence proportions for each OD feature, evaluated measurement non-equivalence across subgroups, and estimated female-male differences age-by-age. RESULTS:(1) Tolerance and salience ('spending a lot of time') are most common OD features. (2) Measurement non-equivalence (bias) was found across sex- and onset-age groups. (3) With biasing features removed, we can see elevated OD levels for female new initiates, age-by-age. Subsidiary analyses suggested possibly accelerated progression toward higher OD levels when extra-medical PPR use starts before age 18. CONCLUSIONS:Dimensional approaches to OD and other drug use disorders have gained popularity but can be fragile when differential measurement biases are left uncontrolled. This study's bias-corrected dimensional view of female-male differences shows elevated OD levels among newly incident female EMPPR users relative to new male initiates. Future studies can check for accelerated progression to higher OD levels when EM use starts before age 18?years.

SUBMITTER: Cheng HG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6878123 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Female-male differences in prescription pain reliever dependence levels: Evidence on newly incident adolescent and young adult users in the United States, 2002-2014.

Cheng Hui G HG Parker Maria A MA Anthony James C JC

Drug and alcohol dependence 20190830

<h4>Background</h4>A comprehensive epidemiology of dependence on prescription opioid pain relievers requires evidence about age-specific female-male differences, possibly manifest during adolescent and early adult years. In this study, we identified newly incident extra-medical users of prescription pain relievers (EMPPR), all observed with onsets before the 22<sup>nd</sup> birthday. We then quantified female-male differences in clinical features or manifestations of opioid dependence (OD), devi ...[more]

PMID: 31518887

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Project description:BackgroundWaterpipe nicotine dependence and its association with depressive symptoms and dual usage among adolescents are currently not examined in the literature. Adolescents are a vulnerable population that is susceptible to depression and initiation of tobacco use. We aim, in this novel study, to assess the association between depressive symptoms and waterpipe nicotine dependence among adolescents in Jordan, evaluate the association between waterpipe smoking status (waterpipe smoker vs. dual user) and waterpipe nicotine dependence, and assess the internal validity of the Waterpipe Nicotine Dependence Scale (WNDS).MethodA cross-sectional study among adolescents of grade 9th to 12th in Jordan was conducted through multistage cluster random sampling. The self-reported Arabic Youth Tobacco Use Composite Measure Questionnaire (YTUCM) was used to collect the surveys that include demographic information, smoking status, and the WNDS to assess waterpipe nicotine dependence and depressive symptoms. Multiple linear regression and the t-test were used to analyze the data. Findings. One thousand three hundred and three surveys were collected, of which 1082 were included in the study (443 males and 639 females). 64.9% of the sample were nontobacco users, while 20.1% were waterpipe- (WTP-) only smokers, 11.4% were dual users, and 3.7% were cigarettes-only users. After adjusting for weights, 66.6% were nonsmokers, 19.2% were WTP-only smokers, 10.2% were dual users, and 3.9% were cigarettes-only smokers. Using multiple linear regression, depressive symptoms were significantly associated with WTP nicotine dependence (β 0.618), upon adjusting for confounders. Furthermore, dual users were associated with higher WTP nicotine dependence (β 12.034) compared to WTP-only smokers after adjusting for confounders. Cronbach's alpha for the WNDS was 0.955.ConclusionsOur study shows that there is a statistically significant association between depressive symptoms and WTP nicotine dependence and higher dependence among dual users compared to WTP-only smokers. The WNDS can be a useful tool to assess WTP nicotine dependence with high internal consistency. However, a longitudinal study is needed to further understand the association and temporality between the depressive symptoms and WTP nicotine dependence. Additionally, research is needed to shorten the WNDS while maintaining high internal consistency and assess the external validity of the WNDS and the short- and long-term consequences of dual usage.

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Dataset Information

Female-male differences in prescription pain reliever dependence levels: Evidence on newly incident adolescent and young adult users in the United States, 2002-2014.

Publications

Female-male differences in prescription pain reliever dependence levels: Evidence on newly incident adolescent and young adult users in the United States, 2002-2014.

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