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Active video games and energy balance in male adolescents: a randomized crossover trial.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Active video games (AVGs) have been shown to acutely increase energy expenditure when compared with seated video games; however, the influence of AVGs on compensatory adjustments in energy intake and expenditure is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE:The aim was to examine the acute effects of AVGs on energy intake and expenditure. DESIGN:With the use of a randomized crossover design, 26 male adolescents (mean ± SD age: 14.5 ± 1.4 y) completed three 1-h experimental conditions: resting control, seated video game play (Xbox 360; Microsoft), and AVG play (Kinect Adventures on Xbox 360) followed by an ad libitum lunch. A validated food menu was used to assess food intake immediately after the conditions and for the remainder of the day, and a dietary record was used for the subsequent 3-d period. Energy expenditure was measured by using portable indirect calorimetry throughout each experimental condition, and an accelerometer was used to assess the subsequent 3-d period. Appetite sensations were assessed by using visual analog scales at different time points during the testing day. The primary outcomes were acute (immediately after the conditions and 24-h) and short-term (3-d) energy intake and expenditure. RESULTS:Energy expenditure was significantly higher (~145%; P < 0.001) during the AVG condition than during the resting control and seated video game conditions; however, no significant differences in energy expenditure were observed 24 h (~6%; P > 0.49) and 3 d after the experimental conditions (~3%; P > 0.82). No significant differences were observed in absolute energy intake immediately after the conditions (~2%; P > 0.94) or in absolute energy intake 24 h (~5%; P > 0.63) and 3 d (~9%; P > 0.53) after the experimental conditions. Finally, appetite sensations were similar between conditions at all time points (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The increase in energy expenditure promoted by a single session of Kinect AVG play is not associated with increased food intake but is compensated for after the intervention, resulting in no measurable change in energy balance after 24 h. These results suggest that the potential of Kinect to reduce the energy gap underlying weight gain is offset within 24 h in male adolescents. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01655901.

SUBMITTER: Gribbon A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6879016 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Active video games and energy balance in male adolescents: a randomized crossover trial.

Gribbon Aidan A McNeil Jessica J Jay Ollie O Tremblay Mark S MS Chaput Jean-Philippe JP

The American journal of clinical nutrition 20150311 6

<h4>Background</h4>Active video games (AVGs) have been shown to acutely increase energy expenditure when compared with seated video games; however, the influence of AVGs on compensatory adjustments in energy intake and expenditure is largely unknown.<h4>Objective</h4>The aim was to examine the acute effects of AVGs on energy intake and expenditure.<h4>Design</h4>With the use of a randomized crossover design, 26 male adolescents (mean ± SD age: 14.5 ± 1.4 y) completed three 1-h experimental condi ...[more]

PMID: 25762809

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Project description:ObjectiveTo conduct a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of active video game (AVG) interventions on postural balance across all ages in populations with and without neurologic impairments, using all types of platforms.Data sourceSix databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Sport Discus, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) were reviewed by December 31, 2020.Study selectionThe protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42020204191). For inclusion, a study must be original, published in English peer-reviewed venues and employed AVGs as the sole or primary intervention to enhance, maintain, or regain postural balance. At least 2 within- or between-subjects conditions must be included with ≥10 participants per condition.Data extractionThree reviewers independently performed data extraction and assessed the risk of bias.Data synthesis129 studies were identified, with 102 eligible for meta-analysis. The total number of tested participants was 6407 (60.0% women, Mage=55.1 years, range=3-99 years, SD=22.6). The average intervention duration was 35.6 min/session with 3.1 sessions/week for 7.6 weeks. The overall effect favored AVG interventions (Hedges' g=0.469; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.407-0.531). Although the overall study quality was relatively low, the analysis expectedly indicated significantly larger effects (P<.001) for AVG-interventions over passive controls (Hedges' g=0.627; 95% CI=0.466-0.788), but importantly also favored AVG-interventions over conventional treatment (Hedges' g=0.389; 95% CI=0.311-0.468). All clinical populations responded positively, although with different effect sizes (P=.023). Children experienced larger treatment effects (Hedges' g=0.550; 95% CI=0.336-0.764), closely followed by seniors (Hedges' g=0.529; 95% CI=0.402-0.656). The largest intervention effect on balance improvements was seen in healthy people without a medical condition (Hedges' g=0.609; 95% CI=0.465-0.753).ConclusionsAVGs can produce postural balance improvements and better postural maintenance. All populations could benefit from AVG interventions.

Project description:BackgroundAccording to the first law of thermodynamics, energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system. Water has a characteristically high heat capacity, indicating that the temperature of ingested fluids and meals could contribute to energy homeostasis. Citing the underlying molecular mechanisms, we present a novel hypothesis that states that the temperature of one's food and drink contributes to energy balance and plays a role in the development of obesity. We provide strong associations with certain molecular mechanisms that are activated by heat and correlate them with obesity and a hypothetical trial that could test this hypothesis. We conclude that if meal or drink temperature proves to contribute to energy homeostasis, then depending on its contribution and scale, future clinical trials should attempt to adjust this effect when analyzing data. In addition, previous research and established relationships of disease states with dietary patterns, energy intake, and food component intakes should be revisited. We understand the common assumption that thermal energy in food is absorbed by the body during digestion and dissipated as heat into the environment, not contributing to the energy balance. We challenge this assumption herein, including a proposed study design that would test our hypothesis.ObjectiveThis paper hypothesizes that the temperature of ingested foods or fluids influences energy homeostasis through the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs), especially HSP-70 and HSP-90, which are expressed to a greater extent in obesity and are known to cause deficits in glucose metabolism.MethodsWe provide preliminary evidence supporting our hypothesis that greater dietary temperatures disproportionally induce activation of both intracellular and extracellular HSPs and that these HSPs influence energy balance and contribute to obesity.ResultsThis trial protocol has not been initiated and funding has not been sought at the time of this publication.ConclusionsTo date, no clinical trials are available regarding the potential effects of meal and fluid temperature on weight status or its confounding effects in data analysis. A potential mechanism is proposed as a basis by which higher temperatures of foods and beverages might influence energy balance via HSP expression. On the basis of the evidence supporting our hypothesis, we propose a clinical trial that will further elucidate these mechanisms.International registered report identifier (irrid)PRR1-10.2196/42846.

Project description:BackgroundPhysical activity (PA) is now considered an adjuvant therapy in cancer treatment; nevertheless, multiple barriers could reduce PA engagement during treatment. Active video games (AVGs) lead to the achievement of mild- to moderate-intensity PA and represent a promising tool for regular movement and exercise.ObjectiveThis paper aims to review the current literature and provide updated content on the physiological and psychological effects of AVG-based interventions in patients with cancer undergoing treatment.MethodsFour electronic databases were investigated. Studies reporting on AVG interventions delivered to patients undergoing treatment were included. A total of 21 articles (17 interventions) were identified for data extraction and quality assessment.ResultsA total of 362 patients with cancer participated in the studies (number of participants 3-70). The majority underwent treatment for breast, lung, prostate, hematologic, or oral or laryngeal cancer. The types and stages of cancer varied in all studies. Participants ranged in age from 3 to 93 years. Four studies included patients with pediatric cancer. The duration of interventions ranged from 2 to 16 weeks, with a minimum of 2 sessions per week and a maximum of 1 daily session. Sessions were supervised in 10 studies, and 7 included home-based interventions. AVG interventions improved endurance, quality of life, cancer-related fatigue, and self-efficacy. Effects were mixed on strength, physical function, and depression. AVGs did not affect activity level, body composition, or anxiety. Compared with standard physiotherapy, physiological effects were lower or similar, and psychological effects were higher or similar.ConclusionsOverall, our results suggest that AVGs can be recommended to patients undergoing cancer treatment, given the physiological and psychological benefits. When AVGs are proposed, supervision of the sessions should be considered as it can limit dropouts. In the future, it is important to develop AVGs that combine endurance and muscle strengthening, with the possibility of achieving moderate to high exercise intensity, depending on the physical abilities of the patients, as indicated in the World Health Organization's recommendations.

Dataset Information

Active video games and energy balance in male adolescents: a randomized crossover trial.

Publications

Active video games and energy balance in male adolescents: a randomized crossover trial.

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