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Effects of virtual reality-based cognitive training in older adults living without and with mild dementia: a pretest-posttest design pilot study.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:Modern technologies are increasingly used in the development of cognitive interventions for older adults. Research into possible applications of virtual reality in such interventions has begun only recently. The aim of present study was to evaluate the effects of 8 sessions of VR-based cognitive training using the GRADYS game in healthy older adults (n?=?72; aged 60-88) and older adults living with mild dementia (n?=?27; aged 60-89). RESULTS:Older adults with mild dementia demonstrated worse baseline cognitive performance than participants without dementia. Both groups showed progress in training, which was greater in healthy older adults. There were also significant differences in cognitive functioning before and after the training. However, positive changes were revealed almost exclusively in the group of older adults without dementia. Based on the findings, we can recommend the GRADYS game for cognitive enhancement and as a possible counter-measure for cognitive decline experienced in normal cognitive ageing. Our results provide also support for the usefulness of VR technology in cognitive interventions in older adults. The use of the GRADYS game in persons living with dementia, however, would require several of the hardware and software modifications. Trial registration ISRCTN17613444, date of registration: 10.09.2019. Retrospectively registered.

SUBMITTER: Zajac-Lamparska L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6882084 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of virtual reality-based cognitive training in older adults living without and with mild dementia: a pretest-posttest design pilot study.

Zając-Lamparska Ludmiła L Wiłkość-Dębczyńska Monika M Wojciechowski Adam A Podhorecka Marta M Polak-Szabela Anna A Warchoł Łukasz Ł Kędziora-Kornatowska Kornelia K Araszkiewicz Aleksander A Izdebski Paweł P

BMC research notes 20191127 1

<h4>Objective</h4>Modern technologies are increasingly used in the development of cognitive interventions for older adults. Research into possible applications of virtual reality in such interventions has begun only recently. The aim of present study was to evaluate the effects of 8 sessions of VR-based cognitive training using the GRADYS game in healthy older adults (n = 72; aged 60-88) and older adults living with mild dementia (n = 27; aged 60-89).<h4>Results</h4>Older adults with mild dement ...[more]

PMID: 31775849

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Project description:BackgroundCognitive training using virtual reality (VR) may result in motivational and playful training for patients with mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia. Fully immersive VR sets patients free from external interference and thus encourages patients with cognitive impairment to maintain selective attention. The enriched environment, which refers to a rich and stimulating environment, has a positive effect on cognitive function and mood.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility and usability of cognitive training using fully immersive VR programs in enriched environments with physiatrists, occupational therapists (OTs), and patients with mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia.MethodsThe VR interface system consisted of a commercialized head-mounted display and a custom-made hand motion tracking module. We developed the virtual harvest and cook programs in enriched environments representing rural scenery. Physiatrists, OTs, and patients with mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia received 30 minutes of VR training to evaluate the feasibility and usability of the test for cognitive training. At the end of the test, the usability and feasibility were assessed by a self-report questionnaire based on a 7-point Likert-type scale. Response time and finger tapping were measured in patients before and after the test.ResultsParticipants included 10 physiatrists, 6 OTs, and 11 patients with mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia. The mean scores for overall satisfaction with the program were 5.75 (SD 1.00) for rehabilitation specialists and 5.64 (SD 1.43) for patients. The response time of the dominant hand in patients decreased after the single session of cognitive training using VR, but this was not statistically significant (P=.25). There was no significant change in finger tapping in either the right or left hand (P=.48 and P=.42, respectively). None of the participants reported headaches, dizziness, or any other motion sickness after the test.ConclusionsA fully immersive VR cognitive training program may be feasible and usable in patients with mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia based on the positive satisfaction and willingness to use the program reported by physiatrists, OTs, and patients. Although not statistically significant, decreased response time without a change in finger tapping rate may reflect a temporary increase in attention after the test. Additional clinical trials are needed to investigate the effect on cognitive function, mood, and physical outcomes.

Dataset Information

Effects of virtual reality-based cognitive training in older adults living without and with mild dementia: a pretest-posttest design pilot study.

Publications

Effects of virtual reality-based cognitive training in older adults living without and with mild dementia: a pretest-posttest design pilot study.

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