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Population-based birth defects data in the United States, 2012-2016: A focus on abdominal wall defects.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:In this report, the National Birth Defects Prevention Network (NBDPN) examines and compares gastroschisis and omphalocele for a recent 5-year birth cohort using data from 30 population-based birth defect surveillance programs in the United States. METHODS:As a special call for data for the 2019 NBDPN Annual Report, state programs reported expanded data on gastroschisis and omphalocele for birth years 2012-2016. We estimated the overall prevalence (per 10,000 live births) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each defect as well as by maternal race/ethnicity, maternal age, infant sex, and case ascertainment methodology utilized by the program (active vs. passive). We also compared distribution of cases by maternal and infant factors and presence/absence of other birth defects. RESULTS:The overall prevalence estimates (per 10,000 live births) were 4.3 (95% CI: 4.1-4.4) for gastroschisis and 2.1 (95% CI: 2.0-2.2) for omphalocele. Gastroschisis was more frequent among young mothers (<25?years) and omphalocele more common among older mothers (>40?years). Mothers of infants with gastroschisis were more likely to be underweight/normal weight prior to pregnancy and mothers of infants with omphalocele more likely to be overweight/obese. Omphalocele was twice as likely as gastroschisis to co-occur with other birth defects. CONCLUSIONS:This report highlights important differences between gastroschisis and omphalocele. These differences indicate the importance of distinguishing between these defects in epidemiologic assessments. The report also provides additional data on co-occurrence of gastroschisis and omphalocele with other birth defects. This information can provide a basis for future research to better understand these defects.

SUBMITTER: Stallings EB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6886260 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Population-based birth defects data in the United States, 2012-2016: A focus on abdominal wall defects.

Stallings Erin B EB Isenburg Jennifer L JL Short Tyiesha D TD Heinke Dominique D Kirby Russell S RS Romitti Paul A PA Canfield Mark A MA O'Leary Leslie A LA Liberman Rebecca F RF Forestieri Nina E NE Nembhard Wendy N WN Sandidge Theresa T Nestoridi Eirini E Salemi Jason L JL Nance Amy E AE Duckett Kirstan K Ramirez Glenda M GM Shan Xiaoyi X Shi Jing J Lupo Philip J PJ

Birth defects research 20191023 18

<h4>Background/objectives</h4>In this report, the National Birth Defects Prevention Network (NBDPN) examines and compares gastroschisis and omphalocele for a recent 5-year birth cohort using data from 30 population-based birth defect surveillance programs in the United States.<h4>Methods</h4>As a special call for data for the 2019 NBDPN Annual Report, state programs reported expanded data on gastroschisis and omphalocele for birth years 2012-2016. We estimated the overall prevalence (per 10,000 ...[more]

PMID: 31642616

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Annual influenza vaccination has been recommended for persons with high-risk conditions since the 1960s. However, few estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) for persons with high-risk conditions are available. METHODS:Data from the U.S. Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network from 2012 to 2016 were analyzed to compare VE of standard-dose inactivated vaccines against medically-attended influenza among patients aged ?6?months with and without high-risk medical conditions. Patients with acute respiratory illness were tested for influenza by RT-PCR. Presence of high-risk conditions and vaccination status were obtained from medical records. VE by influenza virus type/subtype and age group was calculated for patients with and without high-risk conditions using the test-negative design. Interaction terms were used to test for differences in VE by high-risk conditions. RESULTS:Overall, 9643 (38%) of 25,369 patients enrolled during four influenza seasons had high-risk conditions; 2213 (23%) tested positive for influenza infection. For all ages, VE against any influenza was lower among patients with high-risk conditions (41%, 95% CI: 35-47%) than those without (48%, 95% CI: 43-52%; P-for-interaction?=?0.02). For children aged <18?years, VE against any influenza was 51% (95% CI: 39-61%) and 52% (95% CI: 39-61%) among those with and without high-risk conditions, respectively (P-for-interaction?=?0.54). For adults aged ?18?years, VE against any influenza was 38% (95% CI: 30-45%) and 44% (95% CI: 38-50%) among those with and without high-risk conditions, respectively (P-for-interaction?=?0.21). For both children aged <18 and adults aged ?18?years, VEs against illness related to influenza A(H3N2), A(H1N1)pdm09, and influenza B virus infection were similar among those with and without high-risk conditions. CONCLUSIONS:Influenza vaccination provided protection against medically-attended influenza among patients with high-risk conditions, at levels approaching those observed among patients without high-risk conditions. Results from our analysis support recommendations of annual vaccination for patients with high-risk conditions.

Dataset Information

Population-based birth defects data in the United States, 2012-2016: A focus on abdominal wall defects.

Publications

Population-based birth defects data in the United States, 2012-2016: A focus on abdominal wall defects.

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