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Genomics of Particulate Matter Exposure Associated Cardiopulmonary Disease: A Narrative Review.

ABSTRACT: Particulate matter (PM) exposure is associated with the development of cardiopulmonary disease. Our group has studied the adverse health effects of World Trade Center particulate matter (WTC-PM) exposure on firefighters. To fully understand the complex interplay between exposure, organism, and resultant disease phenotype, it is vital to analyze the underlying role of genomics in mediating this relationship. A PubMed search was performed focused on environmental exposure, genomics, and cardiopulmonary disease. We included original research published within 10 years, on epigenetic modifications and specific genetic or allelic variants. The initial search resulted in 95 studies. We excluded manuscripts that focused on work-related chemicals, heavy metals and tobacco smoke as primary sources of exposure, as well as reviews, prenatal research, and secondary research studies. Seven full-text articles met pre-determined inclusion criteria, and were reviewed. The effects of air pollution were evaluated in terms of methylation (n = 3), oxidative stress (n = 2), and genetic variants (n = 2). There is evidence to suggest that genomics plays a meditating role in the formation of adverse cardiopulmonary symptoms and diseases that surface after exposure events. Genomic modifications and variations affect the association between environmental exposure and cardiopulmonary disease, but additional research is needed to further define this relationship.

SUBMITTER: Citron J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6887978 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genomics of Particulate Matter Exposure Associated Cardiopulmonary Disease: A Narrative Review.

Citron Julia J Willcocks Emma E Crowley George G Kwon Sophia S Nolan Anna A

International journal of environmental research and public health 20191107 22

Particulate matter (PM) exposure is associated with the development of cardiopulmonary disease. Our group has studied the adverse health effects of World Trade Center particulate matter (WTC-PM) exposure on firefighters. To fully understand the complex interplay between exposure, organism, and resultant disease phenotype, it is vital to analyze the underlying role of genomics in mediating this relationship. A PubMed search was performed focused on environmental exposure, genomics, and cardiopulm ...[more]

PMID: 31703266

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Project description:BackgroundParticulate matter (PM) exposure may directly affect the pulmonary vasculature. Although the pulmonary vasculature is not easily measurable, differential associations for right ventricular (RV) and left ventricular (LV) mass may provide an indirect assessment of pulmonary vascular damage.ObjectivesWe tested whether long-term exposure to PM < 2.5 ?m (PM2.5) is associated with greater RV mass and RV mass/end-diastolic volume ratio relative to the LV.MethodsThe Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis performed cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging among participants 45-84 years old without clinical cardiovascular disease in 2000-2002 in six U.S. cities. A fine-scale spatiotemporal model estimated ambient PM2.5 exposure in the year before CMR; individually weighted estimates accounted for indoor exposure to ambient PM2.5. Linear regression models were adjusted for demographics, anthropometrics, smoking status, cardiac risk factors, and LV parameters, with additional adjustment for city.ResultsThe 4,041 included participants had a mean age of 61.5 years, and 47% were never smokers. The mean ambient PM2.5 was 16.4 ?g/m3 and individually weighted PM2.5 was 11.0 ?g/m3. PM2.5 exposure was associated with greater RV mass [ambient: 0.11 g per 5 ?g/m3 (95% CI: -0.05, 0.27); individually weighted: 0.20 g per 5 ?g/m3 (95% CI: 0.04, 0.36)] and a greater RV mass/end-diastolic volume ratio conditional on LV parameters. City-adjusted results for RV mass were of greater magnitude and were statistically significant for both measures of PM2.5, whereas those for RV mass/end-diastolic volume ratio were attenuated.ConclusionsLong-term PM2.5 exposures were associated with greater RV mass and RV mass/end-diastolic volume ratio conditional on the LV; however, additional adjustment for city attenuated the RV mass/end-diastolic volume findings. These findings suggest that PM2.5 exposure may be associated with subclinical cardiopulmonary differences in this general population sample.CitationAaron CP, Chervona Y, Kawut SM, Diez Roux AV, Shen M, Bluemke DA, Van Hee VC, Kaufman JD, Barr RG. 2016. Particulate matter exposure and cardiopulmonary differences in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Environ Health Perspect 124:1166-1173;?http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409451.

Dataset Information

Genomics of Particulate Matter Exposure Associated Cardiopulmonary Disease: A Narrative Review.

Publications

Genomics of Particulate Matter Exposure Associated Cardiopulmonary Disease: A Narrative Review.

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