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Potential Ecological Risk and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Industrial Affected Soils by Coal Mining and Metallurgy in Ostrava, Czech Republic.

ABSTRACT: The heavy metal pollution of soils has become serious environmental problem, mainly in localities with high industrialization and rapid growth. The purpose of this detailed research was to determine the actual status of heavy metal pollution of soils and an assessment of heavy metal pollution in a highly industrialized city, Ostrava, with a history of long-term impacts from the metallurgy industry and mining. The ecological risks to the area was subsequently also assessed. The heavy metals Cd, Hg, Cu, Mn, Pb, V, Zn, Cr and Fe were determined in top-soils (0-20 cm) using atomic absorption spectrometry (F AAS, GF AAS) from three areas with different anthropogenic loads. The obtained data expressed as mean metal concentrations were very varied among the sampled soils and values of all analyzed metal concentrations were higher than its background levels. To identify the ecological risk and assessment of soil pollution, various pollution indices were calculated, such as single pollution indices (I_geo, CF, EF, PI) and total complex indices (IPI, PLI, PI_Nemerow, C_deg, mC_deg, E_r and PERI). The identification of pollution sources was assessed using Pearson's correlation analysis and multivariate methods (HCA, PCA/FA). The obtained results confirmed three major groups of metals (Fe-Cr, Pb-Cu and Mn-V). A human health risk was identified in the case of Pb, Cd and Cr, and the HI value of V for children also exceeded 1.

SUBMITTER: Dolezalova Weissmannova H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6888271 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Potential Ecological Risk and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Industrial Affected Soils by Coal Mining and Metallurgy in Ostrava, Czech Republic.

Doležalová Weissmannová Helena H Mihočová Silvie S Chovanec Petr P Pavlovský Jiří J

International journal of environmental research and public health 20191114 22

The heavy metal pollution of soils has become serious environmental problem, mainly in localities with high industrialization and rapid growth. The purpose of this detailed research was to determine the actual status of heavy metal pollution of soils and an assessment of heavy metal pollution in a highly industrialized city, Ostrava, with a history of long-term impacts from the metallurgy industry and mining. The ecological risks to the area was subsequently also assessed. The heavy metals Cd, H ...[more]

PMID: 31739633

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Project description:BackgroundIncreased growth of industrial activities, especially in urban centers, is one of the main sources of toxic substances in Nigeria. The level of these impacts is not well known. Soil and sediment samples from one such industrial area were examined for their mineralogical composition and heavy metals contents in order to assess the level of contamination and potential ecological risk status.MethodsMineralogical composition of the media and their heavy metals concentrations were determined using X-ray diffractometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry methods, respectively. Ecological risk assessment was carried out using single (contamination factor, geo-accumulation index, enrichment factor) and multi-elemental (contamination degree, pollution index and modified pollution index) standard indices.ResultsThe average heavy metal concentrations in soils and sediments followed the order magnesium (Mn) > chromium (Cr) > lead (Pb) > copper (Cu) > cadmium (Cd) > cobalt (Co) > nickel (Ni), with corresponding values for soils and sediments of 324.3, 79.9, 66.1, 40.7, 14.3, 9.1, 6.8 mg kg-1 and 266.8, 78.6, 40.6, 39.8, 12.9, 8.4, 4.6 mg kg-1, respectively. Principal component (PC) analysis of the results indicated three main sources of metals (industrial, vehicular activities and geogenic input). Evaluated contamination factor (Cf), enrichment factor (Ef) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) revealed very high contamination for Pb, Cd and Cu in all of the samples, with calculated pollution index (PI) and modified pollution index (MPI) revealing that all the samples were severely polluted. Calculated potential ecological risk factor (ERi) within the industrial area demonstrated a strong potential ecological risk for Cd, Pb and Cu.ConclusionsActivities in the industrial area have affected the quality of the analyzed environmental media, with possible detrimental health consequences. Regular environmental monitoring of the industrial area and the formulation of appropriate policies that support reduction of contamination are strongly recommended. However, due to the limitations of comparing site samples with a single control sample in this work, further study is recommended to compliment this preliminary study.Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing financial interests.

Project description:BackgroundDayu County, a major tungsten producer in China, experiences severe heavy metal pollution. This study evaluated the pollution status, the accumulation characteristics in paddy rice, and the potential ecological risks of heavy metals in agricutural soils near tungsten mining areas of Dayu County. Furthermore, the impacts of soil properties on the accumulation of heavy metals in soil were explored.MethodsThe geo-accumulation index (Igeo), the contamination factor (CF), and the pollution load index (PLI) were used to evaluate the pollution status of metals (As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, Mo, W, and Zn) in soils. The ecological risk factor (RI) was used to assess the potential ecological risks of heavy metals in soil. The health risks and accumulation of heavy metals in paddy rice were evaluated using the health risk index and the translocation factor (TF), respectively. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to discuss the influence of soil factors on heavy metal contents in soil.ResultsThe concentrations of metals exceeded the respective average background values for soils (As: 10.4, Cd: 0.10, Cu: 20.8, Cr: 48.0, Pb: 32.1, Mo: 0.30, W: 4.93, Zn: 69.0, mg/kg). The levels of As, Cd, Mo, and tungsten(W) exceeded the risk screening values for Chinese agricultural soil contamination and the Dutch standard. The mean concentrations of the eight tested heavy metals followed the order FJ-S > QL > FJ-N > HL > CJ-E > CJ-W, with a significant distribution throughout the Zhangjiang River basin. Heavy metals, especially Cd, were enriched in paddy rice. The Igeo and CF assessment indicated that the soil was moderately to heavily polluted by Mo, W and Cd, and the PLI assessment indicated the the sites of FJ-S and QL were extremely severely polluted due to the contribution of Cd, Mo and W. The RI results indicated that Cd posed the highest risk near tungsten mining areas. The non-carcinogenic and total carcinogenic risks were above the threshold values (non-carcinogenic risk by HQ > 1, carcinogenic risks by CR > 1 × 10-4 a-1) for As and Cd. Correlation analysis indicated that K2O, Na2O, and CaO are main factors affecting the accumulation and migration of heavy metals in soils and plants. Our findings reveal significant contamination of soils and crops with heavy metals, especially Cd, Mo, and W, near mining areas, highlighting serious health risks. This emphasizes the need for immediate remedial actions and the implementation of stringent environmental policies to safeguard health and the environment.

Dataset Information

Potential Ecological Risk and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Industrial Affected Soils by Coal Mining and Metallurgy in Ostrava, Czech Republic.

Publications

Potential Ecological Risk and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Industrial Affected Soils by Coal Mining and Metallurgy in Ostrava, Czech Republic.

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