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Differential improvement of negative-symptom subfactors after cognitive remediation in low-functioning individuals with schizophrenia.

ABSTRACT: Background:Negative symptoms and cognitive deficits have a substantial predictive value for functional deficits and recovery in schizophrenia. However, the relationship between negative symptoms and cognitive abnormalities is unclear possibly due to the heterogeneity of negative symptoms. This study used the model of expressive and experiential negative symptoms subfactors to decrease this heterogeneity. It examined these subfactors and cognition before and after treatment with computerized cognitive remediation training (CRT) in chronically-hospitalized individuals with psychosis and predominant negative symptoms. Methods:Seventy-eight adult participants with a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were enrolled in a 12-week CRT program. Assessments of demographic and illness variables, baseline and endpoint assessments of psychopathology (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale) and cognition (MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery - MCCB) were conducted. Results:The baseline expressive negative subfactor was associated with Processing Speed (r?=?-0.352, p???0.001) and Reasoning/Problem Solving (r?=?-0.338, p???0.001). Following CRT, there was a significant decrease in the experiential negative subfactor (p?

SUBMITTER: Sevy S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6889361 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Differential improvement of negative-symptom subfactors after cognitive remediation in low-functioning individuals with schizophrenia.

Sevy Serge S Lindenmayer Jean-Pierre JP Khan Anzalee A Ljuri Isidora I Kulsa Mila Kirstie C MKC Jones Owen O

Schizophrenia research. Cognition 20190417

<h4>Background</h4>Negative symptoms and cognitive deficits have a substantial predictive value for functional deficits and recovery in schizophrenia. However, the relationship between negative symptoms and cognitive abnormalities is unclear possibly due to the heterogeneity of negative symptoms. This study used the model of expressive and experiential negative symptoms subfactors to decrease this heterogeneity. It examined these subfactors and cognition before and after treatment with computeri ...[more]

PMID: 31828020

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Project description:MicroRNA-137 (miRNA-137; miR-137) is one of the important post-transcriptional regulators of the nervous system development, and its MIR137 gene rs1625579 polymorphism was reported to be a potential regulator for schizophrenia susceptibility. However, schizophrenia characteristics controlled by MIR137 rs1625579 polymorphism are still insufficiently understood. There were 3 groups included in the study: (a) subjects with diagnosis of schizophrenia (n = 150; 81-females, 69-males), (b) mentally healthy people (control group; n = 102; 66-females, 36-males) and (c) Belarusian indigenous male group (n = 295). Associations of rs1625579 with schizophrenia, symptom's severity and cognitive performance [by using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), respectively] were studied, when compared to controls. Allele and genotype frequencies were investigated in Belarusian indigenous males. Rs1625579 displayed no association with schizophrenia in Belarusian population. Significant "symptom severity-genotype" interactions were revealed for schizophrenia patients. Patients with T/G genotype displayed lower severity of positive symptoms and general psychopathology compared to homozygous subjects. T/T genotype was associated with the highest symptom's severity. The negative symptom scores and the total PANSS-score were significantly higher in females carrying genotype T/T vs. T/G+G/G; no significant gene-phenotype associations were found in males. WCST parameters did not show any association with rs1625579 polymorphism. MIR137 rs1625579 polymorphism might be an important sex-dependent factor influencing severity of schizophrenia psychopathological manifestations. These findings also contribute to the knowledge on candidate gene effects on characteristics related to schizophrenia phenotype. As miR 137 is considered to be cancer therapeutic target, miR-137 may also explain the lower incidence of cancer in schizophrenia patients. Further studies with larger sample size are needed to confirm these novel findings.

Project description:BackgroundPatients with anorexia nervosa (AN) experience difficulties in neurocognitive functioning in the acute phase of illness which might be related to clinical presentation, but also in the apparently remitted state after weight recovery. Among the most commonly reported persistent deficits is cognitive inflexibility, which can be interpreted as a vulnerability trait or a "neuropsychological scar" reflecting the detrimental effect of prolonged semi-starvation in patients with a long duration of illness. Studies of adolescent samples with a relatively short clinical course may enable avoiding the effect of prolonged illness and help to determine whether neuropsychological deficits are trait or state dependent. The aim of this study is to assess cognitive functioning in adolescents with AN before and after the inpatient treatment programme, including cognitive remediation therapy (CRT).MethodsForty-seven adolescent female inpatients with AN diagnosed according to DSM-5 and fifty healthy female adolescents matched for the education level and age were recruited. The patients underwent a multimodal treatment including a ten-week CRT. The standardized and cross-validated neuropsychological (Trail Making Test - TMT A and B, Color-Word Stroop Task - CWST, Ruff Figural Fluency Test - RFFT) and clinical measurements (Beck Depression Inventory - BDI, Eating Attitude Test - EAT-26, Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale - Y-BOCS) were used to assess both clinical (in the acute phase and after partial weight recovery) and control subjects.ResultsInitially, AN patients performed significantly worse compared to the controls, but afterwards, inpatient treatment improvement was noted on all examined measures. In a few subtests (TMT, CWST) performance of AN patients after the programme was still significantly poorer than in HC.ConclusionsCognitive inflexibility in adolescent AN patients, as measured with TMT, CWST, and RFFT tends to improve after therapy. Nevertheless, a few neuropsychological subtests which did not show complete normalization may warrant attention in subsequent studies. Further research including control intervention is needed to conclude whether CRT intervention affects the outcome.

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Differential improvement of negative-symptom subfactors after cognitive remediation in low-functioning individuals with schizophrenia.

Publications

Differential improvement of negative-symptom subfactors after cognitive remediation in low-functioning individuals with schizophrenia.

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