Dataset Information

Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) - Effect on Knowledge, Self-Care Behavior, and Self-Efficacy Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Ethiopia: A Controlled Clinical Trial.

ABSTRACT: Purpose:Diabetes patients must be equipped with the necessary knowledge to confidently undertake appropriate self-care activities. We prepared a diabetes self-management education (DSME) intervention and assessed how it affected patients' self-reported levels of diabetes knowledge, self-care behaviors, and self-efficacy. Patients and methods:A before-and-after, two-group intervention study was conducted at Jimma University Medical Centre among adult patients with type 2 diabetes. At baseline, we randomly assigned 116 participants to the DSME intervention and 104 to a comparison group. Six interactive DSME sessions supported by an illustrative handbook and fliers, experience-sharing, and take-home activities were administered to the intervention group by two nurses during a six-month period. Diabetes knowledge, self-care behaviors, and self-efficacy were measured at baseline and at nine months following the commencement of DSME intervention (endpoint) in both groups. Results:At the endpoint, data from 78 intervention group participants and 64 comparison group participants were included in final analysis. The difference in the mean Diabetes Knowledge Scale scores before and after the DSME intervention was significantly greater in the intervention group (p = 0.044). The measured self-care behaviors included diet, exercise, glucose self-monitoring, footcare, smoking, alcohol consumption, and khat chewing. The mean number of days per week on which the intervention group participants followed general dietary recommendations increased significantly at the endpoint (p = 0.027). The intervention group followed specific dietary recommendations (p = 0.019) and performed footcare (p = 0.009) for a significantly greater number of days. There were no significant differences within or between the groups in other self-reported diabetes self-care behavior regimens or in diabetes self-efficacy. Conclusion:Our study found significant improvements in the intervention participants' diabetes knowledge scores and in their adherence to dietary and footcare recommendations. This demonstrates that our DSME intervention may be of clinical importance in developing countries such as Ethiopia. Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier NCT03185689, retrospectively registered on June 14, 2017: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03185689.

SUBMITTER: Hailu FB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6890192 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) - Effect on Knowledge, Self-Care Behavior, and Self-Efficacy Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Ethiopia: A Controlled Clinical Trial.

Hailu Fikadu Balcha FB Moen Anne A Hjortdahl Per P

Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy 20191129

<h4>Purpose</h4>Diabetes patients must be equipped with the necessary knowledge to confidently undertake appropriate self-care activities. We prepared a diabetes self-management education (DSME) intervention and assessed how it affected patients' self-reported levels of diabetes knowledge, self-care behaviors, and self-efficacy.<h4>Patients and methods</h4>A before-and-after, two-group intervention study was conducted at Jimma University Medical Centre among adult patients with type 2 diabetes. ...[more]

PMID: 31819574

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Project description:ObjectivesSignificant problems with patients engaging with diabetes self-management education (DSME) exist. The role of healthcare professionals (HCPs) has been highlighted, with a lack of enthusiasm, inadequate information provision and poor promotion of available programmes all cited as affecting patients' decisions to attend. However, little is known about HCPs' views towards DSME. This study investigates the views of HCPs towards self-management generally and self-management in the context of DSME more specifically.DesignA qualitative study using semi-structured interviews to investigate HCPs views of type 2 diabetes self-management and DSME. Data were analysed thematically and emergent themes were mapped on to the constructs of Normalisation Process Theory (NPT).SettingTwo boroughs in London, UK.ParticipantsSampling was purposive to recruit a diverse range of professional roles including GPs, practice nurses, diabetes specialist nurses, healthcare assistants (HCAs), receptionists and commissioners of care.ResultsInterviews were conducted with 22 participants. The NPT analysis demonstrated that while a self-management approach to diabetes care was viewed by HCPs as necessary and, in principle, valuable, the reality is much more complex. HCPs expressed ambivalence about pushing certain patients into self-managing, preferring to retain responsibility. There was a lack of awareness among HCPs about the content of DSME and benefits to patients. Commitment to and engagement with DSME was tempered by concerns about suitability for some patients. There was little evidence of communication between providers of group-based DSME and HCPs or of HCPs engaging in work to follow-up non-attenders.ConclusionsHCPs have concerns about the appropriateness of DSME for all patients and discussed challenges to engaging with and performing the tasks required to embed the approach within practice. DSME, as a means of supporting self-management, was considered important in theory, but there was little evidence of HCPs seeing their role as extending beyond providing referrals.

Project description:BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that requires lifelong medical treatments and a life style adjustment. To prevent serious morbidity and mortality, it requires dedication to demanding self-care behaviors in multiple domains. The objective of this study was to identify predictors of self care behaviors among patients with diabetes. METHODS: From a total of 425 follow up diabetic patients, a quantitative cross sectional study was conducted among 222 of them from three different hospitals in Harar town, from March to April, 2011. The sample was taken using simple random sampling method. Data was collected using pretested questionnaire. Descriptive statistics multiple logistic regression analysis were also used to assess the predicators of self care behaviors among patients with diabetes. RESULT: Majority of the study respondents 134 (60.4%) were female and the mean age was 49.7 (SD ± 14.7) years. More than half 147(66.2%) of them were medically diagnosed with type-2 diabetes. 208(93.7%) had general knowledge about diabetes and specific knowledge about diabetes self care 207(93.2%). Large proportion of them had moderate perceived susceptibility 174(78.4%) and severity 112(50.5%). More than half of the respondents 149(67.1%) had less perceived barrier while only 30 (13.5%) of them had high self efficacy to self care practices related to diabetes mellitus. Only 87(39.2%) followed the recommended self care practices on diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with less frequent information were less likely to take diabetes self care. Patients who were more educated, middle income, had high perceived severity of diabetes and less perceived barrier to self care were more likely to take diabetes self care. To increase the self care behavior, diabetes messages should focus on severity of diabetes and how to overcome barriers for self care by segmenting the audiences based on income and educational status with increasing the frequency and reach of message on diabetes.

Project description:ObjectivesTo investigate the effects of implementing a context-adapted diabetes self-management education and support (DSME/S) project based on chronic care models in the Philippines, on knowledge, attitudes, self-management practices, adiposity/obesity and glycaemia of people with diabetes.DesignProspective quasi-experimental before-after study.Participants203 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus from two local government units in the Northern Philippines fulfilling set criteria.Outcome measuresContext-adapted DSME/S was given to a cohort of people with diabetes by trained pre-existing local government healthcare personnel. Changes in knowledge, attitudes and self-management practices, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio (WHR) and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured 1 year after full project implementation. Non-parametric and parametric descriptive and inferential statistics including logistic regression analysis were done.ResultsComplete data were collected from 164 participants. Improvements in glycaemia, waist circumference, WHR, knowledge, some attitudes, adherence to medications and exercise, and an increase in fear of diabetes were significant. Reductions in HbA1c, regardless of level of control, were noted in 60.4%. Significant increase in knowledge (p<0.001), positive attitude (p=0.013), perceived ability to control blood glucose (p=0.004) and adherence to medications (p=0.001) were noted among those whose glycaemia improved. Significant differences between the subgroups whose HbA1c improved and those whose HbA1c deteriorated include male gender (p=0.042), shorter duration of diabetes (p=0.001) and increased perceived ability to control blood glucose (p=0.042). Significant correlates to improved glycaemia were male gender (OR=2.655; p=0.034), duration of diabetes >10 years (OR=0.214; p=0.003) and fear of diabetes (OR=0.490; p=0.048).ConclusionsContext-adapted DSME/S introduced in resource-constrained settings and making use of established human resources for health may improve knowledge, attitudes, self-management practices and glycaemia of recipients. Further investigations on addressing fear of diabetes and tailoring DSME/S to females with diabetes and those who have had diabetes for a longer period of time may help improve glycaemia.

Project description:Background Diabetes is a typical chronic disease that needs integrated and multifaceted approaches. Self-care practices are fundamental to achieve good blood glucose control and prevent long-term complications. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the level and predictors of adherence to self-care behavior among patients with diabetes on follow-up at public hospitals of western Ethiopia. Patients and Methods The cross-sectional study design was employed on a sample of 423 diabetic patients on follow-up at public hospitals of western Ethiopia. A systematic random sampling method was employed. The data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and exported into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences window version 24 for analysis. All variables significant at p-value <0.05 in the bivariable were entered in multivariate regression analysis. Backward stepwise goodness of fit was used to ascertain the suitable variables in multiple linear regression analysis. Finally, multivariate linear regression analysis with adjusted B, CI at 95%, and the significance level was set at p <0.05. All predictive variables were reported in terms of adjusted R2. Results The overall mean and standard deviation of adherence to self-care behavior was 23.09 ±6.55. Among the study participants, 42.70% had good self-care behavior. Self-efficacy (B=0.106, p<0.001), home blood glucose test (B=0.075, p<0.001), exercise per week (0.035, P<0.002), meal planning (B=0.039, P<0.001), dietary restriction (B=0.077, P<0.001), duration of diabetes<4 years (B=0.030, P<0.013), non-pharmacological intervention (B=0.055, P<0.011), and good appetite (B=0.039, P<0.045) were significant variables associated with adherence to self-care behaviors. Conclusion The overall level of adherence to self-care behavior was low. Therefore, we recommended that it is better if the national health policymaker focused on dietary management modality that engages patients’ behavior change to develop self-care practices and closely monitoring of glucose level. Also, we recommended an additional longitudinal study incorporating a qualitative study that focused on behavioral changes.

Dataset Information

Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) - Effect on Knowledge, Self-Care Behavior, and Self-Efficacy Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Ethiopia: A Controlled Clinical Trial.

Publications

Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) - Effect on Knowledge, Self-Care Behavior, and Self-Efficacy Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Ethiopia: A Controlled Clinical Trial.

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