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A Culturally Adapted Diabetes Prevention Intervention in the New York City Sikh Asian Indian Community Leads to Improvements in Health Behaviors and Outcomes.

ABSTRACT: Introduction:Sikh Asian Indians are an underserved, minority group demonstrating high rates of diabetes. Community health workers (CHWs) are effective in addressing health disparities by reaching socially and linguistically isolated populations. There are no culturally-adapted programs for diabetes prevention among Sikh Asian Indians, thus, this study tests the efficacy of a culturally-tailored CHW intervention to improve diabetes prevention-related outcomes among Sikh Asian Indians at-risk for diabetes. Methods:A quasi-experimental two-arm intervention among Sikh Asian Indian adults at-risk for diabetes and living in New York City (n=160) was conducted in 2013-2014. The treatment group received six monthly CHW group education sessions and ten follow-up phone calls; the control group received the first session. Main outcomes included weight, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), physical activity (PA), diet, and health self-efficacy. Results:Positive and significant changes in weight, BMI, and diabetes prevention-related indicators were seen among both study groups. However, only treatment group participants showed significant changes over time for weight, BMI, PA self-efficacy, and health-related self-efficacy. Significant between-group differences were seen in adjusted analyses for weight, BMI, systolic BP, total weekly PA, PA self-efficacy, PA social interaction, portion control, barriers to healthy eating, and health self-efficacy. At 6-months, treatment participants were more likely to lose ?5% and ?7% of their weight compared to control participants (p=0.071, and p=0.015, respectively). Conclusions:Findings demonstrate that a culturally-adapted CHW diabetes prevention program in the Sikh community is efficacious, adding to the growing literature on CHWs' capacity to address health inequity among underserved populations.

SUBMITTER: Lim S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6894424 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A Culturally Adapted Diabetes Prevention Intervention in the New York City Sikh Asian Indian Community Leads to Improvements in Health Behaviors and Outcomes.

Lim Sahnah S Wyatt Laura C LC Chauhan Harmanpreet H Zanowiak Jennifer M JM Kavathe Rucha R Singh Hardayal H Kwon Simona C SC Trin-Shevrin Chau C Islam Nadia S NS

Health behavior research 20190101 1

<h4>Introduction</h4>Sikh Asian Indians are an underserved, minority group demonstrating high rates of diabetes. Community health workers (CHWs) are effective in addressing health disparities by reaching socially and linguistically isolated populations. There are no culturally-adapted programs for diabetes prevention among Sikh Asian Indians, thus, this study tests the efficacy of a culturally-tailored CHW intervention to improve diabetes prevention-related outcomes among Sikh Asian Indians at-r ...[more]

PMID: 31807731

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Project description:BackgroundBlack women involved in the legal system disproportionately experience intimate partner violence (IPV); however, current research does not satisfactorily describe the risk and protective factors associated with IPV among Black women under community supervision.MethodsWe conducted a subgroup analysis of Black women (N = 128) using data from a randomized controlled trial that evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of two IPV screening and prevention programs for women under community supervision. Participants in the original study were randomized into two IPV prevention conditions-computerized or case manager Women Initiating New Goals of Safety (WINGS). In this study, we examine the effects of that study's two conditions on linkage to IPV services and secondary outcomes, specifically among Black participants who experienced physical, sexual, and psychological IPV.ResultsBoth conditions showed significant reductions in days of substance use abstinence over the 3-month period among Black women who experienced sexual or verbal IPV. Participants in the case manager arm were 14 times more likely to receive IPV services in the past 90 days-from baseline to the 3-month follow-up (adjusted odds ratio = 14.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.25 to 166.51, p = 0.032). Participants in the computerized arm were significantly more likely to report receiving social support from baseline to the 3-month follow-up assessment (regression coefficient [b] = 2.27, 95% CI = 0.43 to 4.11, p = 0.015).ConclusionsAlthough both conditions showed significant reductions in the number of days of abstinence from substance use among this subgroup of Black women, the findings showed differential effectiveness between the computerized WINGS arm and the case manager WINGS arm in improving social support and linkage to services. These findings may indicate that different modalities of WINGS may work better for specific activities and point to the need for a hybrid format that optimizes the use of distinct modalities for delivering activities.

Dataset Information

A Culturally Adapted Diabetes Prevention Intervention in the New York City Sikh Asian Indian Community Leads to Improvements in Health Behaviors and Outcomes.

Publications

A Culturally Adapted Diabetes Prevention Intervention in the New York City Sikh Asian Indian Community Leads to Improvements in Health Behaviors and Outcomes.

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