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Menopause exacerbates visual dysfunction in experimental glaucoma.


ABSTRACT: Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Recently, estrogen deficiencies caused by early menopause, alterations in estrogen signaling via mutations in estrogen receptors, and polymorphisms along estrogen metabolic pathways have all been linked to an increased risk of developing glaucoma. Here, we examined how menopause and age impact visual function and retinal structure in an experimental model of glaucoma. Young (3-4 months) and aged (9-10 months) female Brown Norway rats were divided into pre- and post-menopausal cohorts by surgically inducing menopause via ovariectomy (OVX). After six weeks, ocular hypertension (OHT) was induced unilaterally for a period of eight weeks. Four cohorts were successfully followed to eight weeks: young sham (n?=?8), young OVX (n?=?9), aged sham (n?=?10), and aged OVX (n?=?11) animals. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was monitored weekly in all groups. Prior to inducing OHT (baseline) and at four and eight weeks after inducing OHT, we assessed visual acuity via the optomotor response (OMR) and retinal structure using optical coherence tomography (OCT). OHT decreased the OMR in all cohorts. We found that spatial frequency thresholds decreased by 54% in OVX animals after OHT compared to sham animals after OHT, regardless of age (p?

SUBMITTER: Feola AJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6900868 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Menopause exacerbates visual dysfunction in experimental glaucoma.

Feola Andrew J AJ   Fu Jieming J   Allen Rachael R   Yang Victoria V   Campbell Ian C IC   Ottensmeyer Amy A   Ethier C Ross CR   Pardue Machelle M  

Experimental eye research 20190618


Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Recently, estrogen deficiencies caused by early menopause, alterations in estrogen signaling via mutations in estrogen receptors, and polymorphisms along estrogen metabolic pathways have all been linked to an increased risk of developing glaucoma. Here, we examined how menopause and age impact visual function and retinal structure in an experimental model of glaucoma. Young (3-4 months) and aged (9-10 months) female Brown Norway  ...[more]

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