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Glyoxalase 1 gene improves the antistress capacity and reduces the immune inflammatory response.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Fish immunity is not only affected by the innate immune pathways but is also triggered by stress. Transport and loading stress can induce oxidative stress and further activate the immune inflammatory response, which cause tissue damage and sudden death. Multiple genes take part in this process and some of these genes play a vital role in regulation of the immune inflammatory response and sudden death. Currently, the key genes regulating the immune inflammatory response and the sudden death caused by stress in Coilia nasus are unknown. RESULTS:In this study, we studied the effects of the Glo1 gene on stress, antioxidant expression, and immune-mediated apoptosis in C. nasus. The full-length gene is 4356?bp, containing six exons and five introns. Southern blotting indicated that Glo1 is a single-copy gene in the C. nasus genome. We found two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Glo1 coding region, which affect the three-dimensional structure of Glo1 protein. An association analysis results revealed that the two SNPs are associated with stress tolerance. Moreover, Glo1 mRNA and protein expression of the heterozygous genotype was significantly higher than that of the homozygous genotype. Na+ and sorbitol also significantly enhanced Glo1 mRNA and protein expression, improved the fish's antioxidant capacity, and reduced the immune inflammatory response, thus sharply reducing the mortality caused by stress. CONCLUSIONS:Glo1 plays a potential role in the stress response, antioxidant capacity, and immune-mediated apoptosis in C. nasus.

SUBMITTER: Du F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6902355 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Glyoxalase 1 gene improves the antistress capacity and reduces the immune inflammatory response.

Du Fukuan F Li Yan Y Shen Jing J Zhao Yueshui Y Kaboli Parham Jabbarzadeh PJ Xiang Shixin S Wu Xu X Li Mingxing M Zhou Jiangyao J Zheng Yuan Y Yi Tao T Li Xiang X Li Jing J Xiao Zhangang Z Wen Qinglian Q

BMC genetics 20191210 1

<h4>Background</h4>Fish immunity is not only affected by the innate immune pathways but is also triggered by stress. Transport and loading stress can induce oxidative stress and further activate the immune inflammatory response, which cause tissue damage and sudden death. Multiple genes take part in this process and some of these genes play a vital role in regulation of the immune inflammatory response and sudden death. Currently, the key genes regulating the immune inflammatory response and the ...[more]

PMID: 31822263

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Anthocyanins, one of the major plant bioactive substances, possess anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory capacity. However, their dose-response relationship has remained unclear. The present study investigated the dose-response relationship of anthocyanins with oxidative stress and inflammation in subjects with dyslipidemia. DESIGN:and Participants: A total of 169 participants with dyslipidemia were randomly assigned to placebo (n = 43), anthocyanins 40 mg/day (n = 44), 80 mg/day (n = 40), or 320 mg/day (n = 42) groups. Urine 8-iso-prostaglandin F2? (8-iso-PGF2?), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and serum malonaldehyde (MDA), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), UA (uric acid), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured at baseline, at 6 weeks, and at 12 weeks. RESULTS:Anthocyanin supplementation (320 mg/day) for 6 weeks significantly improved T-SOD versus baseline (P < 0.05). A slight reduction in serum IL-6, TNF-?, and urine 8-iso-PGF2? from the baseline was observed at 12 weeks in the group receiving 40 mg/day anthocyanins. Anthocyanins (80 mg/day) significantly reduced serum IL-6 (-20%), TNF-? (-11%) and urine 8-iso-PGF2? (-27%) versus baseline (P < 0.05). Moreover, 320 mg/day anthocyanin supplementation reduced serum IL-6 (-40%), TNF-? (-21%), MDA (-20%) and urine 8-iso-PGF2? (-37%) and 8-OHdG (-36%) than 80 mg/day and 40 mg/day anthocyanins, P value < 0.05. Anthocyanin supplementation has dose-response relationships with decreased inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-? and oxidative stress biomarkers 8-iso-PGF2?, 8-OHdG and MDA (P for trend, <0.05). Furthermore, a strong positive correlation was observed between the changes in the urine 8-iso-PGF2? , 8-OHdG levels and serum IL-6 levels in subjects from anthocyanin groups after 12 weeks of treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Supplementation of anthocyanins for 12 weeks positively improved the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory capacity in a dose-response manner in individuals with dyslipidemia.

Project description:BackgroundEx-vivo normothermic perfusion strategies are a promising new instrument in organ transplantation. The perfusion conditions are designed to be protective however the artificial environment can induce a local inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of incorporating a Cytosorb adsorber into an isolated kidney perfusion system.MethodsPorcine kidneys were subjected to 22 h of cold ischaemia then reperfused for 6 h on an ex vivo reperfusion circuit. Pairs of kidneys were randomised to either control (n = 5) or reperfusion with a Cytosorb adsorber (n = 5) integrated into the circuit. Tissue, blood and urine samples were taken for the measurement of inflammation and renal function.ResultsBaseline levels of cytokines (IL-6, TNFα, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1β, IL-1α) were similar between groups. Levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in the perfusate significantly increased during reperfusion in the control group but not in the Cytosorb group (P = 0.023, 0.049). Levels of the other cytokines were numerically lower in the Cytosorb group; however, this did not reach statistical significance. The mean renal blood flow (RBF) was significantly higher in the Cytosorb group (162 ± 53 vs. 120 ± 35 mL/min/100 g; P = 0.022). Perfusate levels of prostaglandin E2 were significantly lower in the Cytosorb group (642 ± 762 vs. 3258 ± 980 pg/mL; P = 0.0001). Levels of prostacyclin were significantly lower in the Cytosorb group at 1, 3 and 6 h of reperfusion (P = 0.008, 0.003, 0.0002). Levels of thromboxane were also significantly lower in the Cytosorb group throughout reperfusion (P = 0.005). Haemoadsorption had no effect on creatinine clearance (P = 0.109).ConclusionHaemoadsorption can reduce the inflammatory response and improve renal blood flow during perfusion. Nonetheless, in this model haemoadsorption had no influence on renal function and this may relate to the broad-spectrum action of the Cytosorb adsorber that also removes potentially important anti-inflammatory mediators.

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Glyoxalase 1 gene improves the antistress capacity and reduces the immune inflammatory response.

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Glyoxalase 1 gene improves the antistress capacity and reduces the immune inflammatory response.

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