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Assembling seed dormancy genes into a system identified their effects on seedbank longevity in weedy rice.

ABSTRACT: Seed dormancy (SD) and longevity (SL) may share developmental and genetic mechanisms, as both traits are developed in the same maternal environment and evolved to coordinate the timing of germination and the life span of seedbanks. To test the hypothesis, allelic variants at the SD1-2, 7-1, 7-2, and 12 loci from weedy and cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) were assembled into the same genetic background, and 16 homozygous lines selected as a tetragenic system. These lines were evaluated for SD measured by germination at 7, 21, 35, and 150 days of after-ripening (DAR), and for SL measured by the seed decay rate and survivability in the soil of a rice field for 7 months. Pyramiding the alleles from weedy rice lengthened the dormancy duration, and seeds survived in the soil remained dormant at the excavation. Germination levels at 7 to 150 DAR were correlated positively with the seed decay rate (r?=?0.41-0.53) and negatively with the survivability (r?=?-0.45 to -0.28) in the tetragenic system. All four loci contributed to genotypic variation for each of the SD and SL measurements through main and/or epistatic (two- to four-order interactions) effects. SD7-1 (identical to the pericarp color gene Rc) played a major role in regulating seedbank longevity when interacted with the other SD gene(s). This research provided evidence that natural genes controlling SD are involved in regulation of soil seedbank longevity. Thus, accumulation of SD genes in a population could result in persistence of wild plants and weeds in conventional tillage systems.

SUBMITTER: Pipatpongpinyo W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6906365 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Assembling seed dormancy genes into a system identified their effects on seedbank longevity in weedy rice.

Pipatpongpinyo Wirat W Korkmaz Ugur U Wu Hao H Kena Alexander A Ye Heng H Feng Jiuhuan J Gu Xing-You XY

Heredity 20190807 1

Seed dormancy (SD) and longevity (SL) may share developmental and genetic mechanisms, as both traits are developed in the same maternal environment and evolved to coordinate the timing of germination and the life span of seedbanks. To test the hypothesis, allelic variants at the SD1-2, 7-1, 7-2, and 12 loci from weedy and cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) were assembled into the same genetic background, and 16 homozygous lines selected as a tetragenic system. These lines were evaluated for SD measu ...[more]

PMID: 31391557

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Project description:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Understanding variation in seed longevity, especially within closely related germplasm, will lead to better understanding of the molecular basis of this trait, which is particularly important for seed genebanks, but is also relevant to anyone handling seeds. We therefore set out to determine the relative seed longevity of diverse Indica rice accessions through storage experiments. Since antioxidants are purported to play a role in seed storability, the antioxidant activity and phenolic content of caryopses were determined. METHODS:Seeds of 299 Indica rice accessions harvested at 31, 38 and 45 d after heading (DAH) between March and May 2015 and differing in harvest moisture content (MC) were subsequently stored at 10.9 % MC and 45 °C. Samples were taken at regular intervals and sown for germination. Germination data were subjected to probit analysis and the resulting parameters that describe the loss of viability during storage were used for genome-wide association (GWA) analysis. KEY RESULTS:The seed longevity parameters, Ki [initial viability in normal equivalent deviates (NED)], -?-1 (? is the time for viability to fall by 1 NED in experimental storage) and p50 [time for viability to fall to 50 % (0 NED)], varied considerably across the 299 Indica accessions. Seed longevity tended to increase as harvest MC decreased and to decrease as harvest MC increased. Eight major loci associated with seed longevity parameters were identified through GWA analysis. The favourable haplotypes on chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 9 and 11 enhanced p50 by ratios of 0.22-1.86. CONCLUSIONS:This is the first study to describe the extent of variation in ? within a species' variety group. A priori candidate genes selected based on rice genome annotation and gene network ontology databases suggested that the mechanisms conferring high seed longevity might be related to DNA repair and transcription, sugar metabolism, reactive oxygen species scavenging and embryonic/root development.

Dataset Information

Assembling seed dormancy genes into a system identified their effects on seedbank longevity in weedy rice.

Publications

Assembling seed dormancy genes into a system identified their effects on seedbank longevity in weedy rice.

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