Dataset Information

Ferromagnetic excess moments and apparent exchange bias in FeF₂ single crystals.

ABSTRACT: The anisotropic antiferromagnet FeF₂ has been extensively used as an antiferromagnetic layer to induce exchange bias effects in ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic bilayers and heterostructures. In this work, an apparent exchange bias occurring in the low temperature hysteresis loops of FeF₂ single crystals is investigated. A detailed investigation of the hysteresis and remnant magnetization indicates that the observation of an apparent exchange bias in FeF₂ stems from an intrinsic excess moment associated with a distortion of the antiferromagnetic structure of piezomagnetic origin.

SUBMITTER: Joshi DC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6906504 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Ferromagnetic excess moments and apparent exchange bias in FeF2 single crystals.

Joshi D C DC Nordblad P P Mathieu R R

Scientific reports 20191211 1

The anisotropic antiferromagnet FeF2 has been extensively used as an antiferromagnetic layer to induce exchange bias effects in ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic bilayers and heterostructures. In this work, an apparent exchange bias occurring in the low temperature hysteresis loops of FeF2 single crystals is investigated. A detailed investigation of the hysteresis and remnant magnetization indicates that the observation of an apparent exchange bias in FeF2 stems fr ...[more]

PMID: 31827163

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Project description:BackgroundReference equations for forced expiratory flow at 50% and 75% of forced vital capacity (FVC) (FEF50 and FEF75) in the Chinese population are lacking. It is of great importance to establish equations covering most age groups and to study their applicability in clinical practice.MethodsUsing the lambda-mu-sigma (LMS) method, reference equations for FEF50 and FEF75 were constructed based on pulmonary function data from healthy subjects collected from January 2007 to June 2010 at 24 centers throughout China. Differences between the established equations and extraneous equations were compared using standardized means (Z values) and percentage errors (PE). The proportion of small airway dysfunction (SAD) defined by the present equations was calculated. The Fisher precision probability test and the Mann-Whitney test were used to analyze the magnitude of changes in small and large airway indices after bronchodilator inhalation in patients with suspected asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).ResultsReference equations for FEF50 and FEF75 were established based on data from 7,115 healthy individuals (aged 4 to 80 years, 50.9% female, height between 95 and 190 cm). The present equations (all Z values were -0.0 and PE ranged from 2.0% to 4.2%) showed advantages over the European Community for Steel and Coal (ECSC) equations in 1993 (with Z values ranging from -0.7 to -0.2 and PE ranged from -23.4% to -4.5%). A total of 4,356 patients with suspected asthma (51.1% female; a mean age of 45.4 years) and 6,558 patients with suspected COPD (10.1% female; a mean age of 65.0 years) were included. The present equations defined 95.7% and 99.9% of SAD in these patients. After bronchodilator inhalation, greater mean improvement rates in small airway indices were observed both in patients with suspected asthma [mean ± standard deviation (SD) =48%±47%] and in patients with suspected COPD (mean ± SD =20%±30%) (P<0.05).ConclusionsThe reference equations for FEF50 and FEF75 established in this study should be considered for use in China. Further studies are needed to validate their value in the diagnosis of some chronic respiratory diseases.

Dataset Information

Ferromagnetic excess moments and apparent exchange bias in FeF₂ single crystals.

Publications

Ferromagnetic excess moments and apparent exchange bias in FeF<sub>2</sub> single crystals.

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