Dataset Information

Cross-Species Evidence of Interplay Between Neural Connectivity at the Micro- and Macroscale of Connectome Organization in Human, Mouse, and Rat Brain.

ABSTRACT: The mammalian brain describes a multiscale system. At the microscale, axonal, dendritic, and synaptic elements ensure neuron-to-neuron communication, and at the macroscale, large-scale projections form the anatomical wiring for communication between cortical areas. Although it is clear that both levels of neural organization play a crucial role in brain functioning, their interaction is not extensively studied. Connectome studies of the mammalian brain in cat, macaque, and human have recently shown that regions with larger and more complex pyramidal cells to have more macroscale corticocortical connections. In this study, we aimed to further validate these cross-scale findings in the human, mouse, and rat brain. We combined neuron reconstructions from the NeuroMorpho.org neuroarchitecture database with macroscale connectivity data derived from connectome mapping by means of tract-tracing (rat, mouse) and in vivo diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (human). Across these three mammalian species, we show cortical variation in neural organization to be associated with features of macroscale connectivity, with cortical variation in neuronal complexity explaining significant proportions of cortical variation in the number of white matter projections of cortical areas. Our findings converge on the notion of a relationship between features of micro- and macroscale neural connectivity to form a central aspect of mammalian neural architecture.

SUBMITTER: Scholtens LH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6909781 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cross-Species Evidence of Interplay Between Neural Connectivity at the Micro- and Macroscale of Connectome Organization in Human, Mouse, and Rat Brain.

Scholtens Lianne H LH Feldman Barrett Lisa L van den Heuvel Martijn P MP

Brain connectivity 20181201 10

The mammalian brain describes a multiscale system. At the microscale, axonal, dendritic, and synaptic elements ensure neuron-to-neuron communication, and at the macroscale, large-scale projections form the anatomical wiring for communication between cortical areas. Although it is clear that both levels of neural organization play a crucial role in brain functioning, their interaction is not extensively studied. Connectome studies of the mammalian brain in cat, macaque, and human have recently sh ...[more]

PMID: 30479137

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Project description:Rhythmic activity in the brain fluctuates with behaviour and cognitive state, through a combination of coexisting and interacting frequencies. At large spatial scales such as those studied in human M/EEG, measured oscillatory dynamics are believed to arise primarily from a combination of cortical (intracolumnar) and corticothalamic rhythmogenic mechanisms. Whilst considerable progress has been made in characterizing these two types of neural circuit separately, relatively little work has been done that attempts to unify them into a single consistent picture. This is the aim of the present paper. We present and examine a whole-brain, connectome-based neural mass model with detailed long-range cortico-cortical connectivity and strong, recurrent corticothalamic circuitry. This system reproduces a variety of known features of human M/EEG recordings, including spectral peaks at canonical frequencies, and functional connectivity structure that is shaped by the underlying anatomical connectivity. Importantly, our model is able to capture state- (e.g., idling/active) dependent fluctuations in oscillatory activity and the coexistence of multiple oscillatory phenomena, as well as frequency-specific modulation of functional connectivity. We find that increasing the level of sensory drive to the thalamus triggers a suppression of the dominant low frequency rhythms generated by corticothalamic loops, and subsequent disinhibition of higher frequency endogenous rhythmic behaviour of intracolumnar microcircuits. These combine to yield simultaneous decreases in lower frequency and increases in higher frequency components of the M/EEG power spectrum during states of high sensory or cognitive drive. Building on this, we also explored the effect of pulsatile brain stimulation on ongoing oscillatory activity, and evaluated the impact of coexistent frequencies and state-dependent fluctuations on the response of cortical networks. Our results provide new insight into the role played by cortical and corticothalamic circuits in shaping intrinsic brain rhythms, and suggest new directions for brain stimulation therapies aimed at state-and frequency-specific control of oscillatory brain activity.

Dataset Information

Cross-Species Evidence of Interplay Between Neural Connectivity at the Micro- and Macroscale of Connectome Organization in Human, Mouse, and Rat Brain.

Publications

Cross-Species Evidence of Interplay Between Neural Connectivity at the Micro- and Macroscale of Connectome Organization in Human, Mouse, and Rat Brain.

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