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Exploring profile and potential influencers of vaginal microbiome among asymptomatic pregnant Chinese women.

ABSTRACT: Background:This study was designed to explore the profile and potential influencers of the vaginal microbiome (VMB) among asymptomatic pregnant Chinese women and its possible association with pregnancy outcomes. Methods:A prospective study was conducted among pregnant Chinese women receiving regular prenatal care at a hospital in Shanghai, China from March 2017 to March 2018. Vaginal swabs were obtained from 113 asymptomatic pregnant women in mid-pregnancy and sequenced by the V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA on an Ion S5™ XL platform. Demographic characteristics and major pregnancy outcomes were collected through questionnaires and electronic medical records. Results:The predominant vaginal community state types (CSTs) were CST I (45.1%) and CST III (31.9%). Participants were divided into a lactobacilli-dominant group (LD, CST I/II/III/I-III/V, n = 100, 88.5%) and a less lactobacilli-dominant group (LLD, CST IV-A/B, n = 13, 11.5%). Women in the LLD group showed an increased alpha diversity [median (interquartile range, IQR): 2.41 (1.67, 2.49) vs. 0.30 (0.17, 0.59), P < 0.001], which was related to a lower pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.012), and a greater instance of passive smoking (P = 0.033). The relative abundance of Lactobacillus was correlated positively with the pre-pregnancy BMI (r = 0.177, P = 0.041), but negatively with passive smoking (r = - 0.204, P = 0.030). Conclusion:The vaginal flora of asymptomatic pregnant Chinese women was mostly dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus and L. iners. A lower BMI and greater instance of passive smoking may contribute to a less lactobacilli-dominant VMB. However, a larger sample size is needed.

SUBMITTER: He Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6910115 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Exploring profile and potential influencers of vaginal microbiome among asymptomatic pregnant Chinese women.

He Yining Y Huang Yun Y Zhang Zhengyin Z Yu Fengping F Zheng Yingjie Y

PeerJ 20191210

<h4>Background</h4>This study was designed to explore the profile and potential influencers of the vaginal microbiome (VMB) among asymptomatic pregnant Chinese women and its possible association with pregnancy outcomes.<h4>Methods</h4>A prospective study was conducted among pregnant Chinese women receiving regular prenatal care at a hospital in Shanghai, China from March 2017 to March 2018. Vaginal swabs were obtained from 113 asymptomatic pregnant women in mid-pregnancy and sequenced by the V3- ...[more]

PMID: 31844576

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Project description:BackgroundVaginal microbiome studies frequently report diversity metrics and communities of microbiomes associated with reproductive health outcomes. Reports of Streptococcus agalactiae (also known as Group B Streptococcus or GBS), the leading cause of neonatal infectious morbidity and mortality, are notably lacking from the studies of the vaginal microbiome, despite being a known contributor to preterm birth and other complications. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review was to explore the frequency of GBS reporting in vaginal microbiome literature pertaining to pregnancy and to examine methodological bias that contributes to differences in species and genus-level microbiome reporting. Lack of identification of GBS via sequencing-based approaches due to methodologic or reporting bias may result incomplete understanding of bacterial composition during pregnancy and subsequent birth outcomes.MethodologyA systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guideline. Three databases (PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science) were used to identify papers for review based on the search terms "vaginal microbiome", "pregnancy", and "16S rRNA sequencing". Articles were evaluated for methods of DNA extraction and sequencing, 16S region, taxonomy classification database, number of participants or vaginal specimens, and pregnancy trimester.ResultsForty-five research articles reported employing a metagenomic approach or 16S approach for vaginal microbiome analysis during pregnancy that explicitly reported taxonomic composition and were included in this review. Less than 30% of articles reported the presence of GBS (N = 13). No significant differences in methodology were identified between articles that reported versus did not report GBS. However, there was large variability across research methods used for vaginal microbiome analysis and species-level bacterial community reporting.ConclusionConsiderable differences in study design and data formatting methods may contribute to underrepresentation of GBS, and other known pathogens, in existing vaginal microbiome literature. Previous studies have identified considerable variation in methodology across vaginal microbiome studies. This study adds to this body of work because in addition to laboratory or statistical methods, how results and data are shared (e.g., only analyzing genus level data or 20 most abundant microbes), may hinder reproducibility and limit our understanding of the influence of less abundant microbes. Sharing detailed methods, analysis code, and raw data may improve reproducibility and ability to more accurately compare microbial communities across studies.

Project description:ObjectiveThe effect of vaginal microbiota on spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) has not been fully addressed, and few studies have explored the associations between vaginal taxa and sPTB in the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and non-GDM groups, respectively. Study Design. To minimize external interference, a total of 41 pregnant women with sPTB and 308 controls (pregnant women without sPTB) from same regain were enrolled in this case-cohort study. Controls were randomly selected at baseline. With the exception of GDM, other characteristics were not significantly different between the two groups. Vaginal swabs were collected at early second trimester. Using 16S amplicon sequencing, the main bioinformatics analysis was performed on the platform of QIIME 2. Vaginal microbiota traits of the sPTB group were compared with controls. Finally, the effects of binary taxa on sPTB in the GDM group and the non-GDM group were analyzed, respectively.ResultsThe proportion of GDM in the sPTB (19.51%) was higher than the controls (7.47%, P = 0.018). The vaginal microbiota of pregnant women with sPTB exhibited higher alpha diversity metrics (observed features, P = 0.001; Faith's phylogenetic diversity, P = 0.013) and different beta diversity metrics (unweighted UniFrac, P = 0.006; Jaccard's distance, P = 0.004), compared with controls. The presence of Lactobacillus paragasseri/gasseri (aOR: 3.12, 95% CI: 1.24-7.84), Streptococcus (aOR: 3.58, 95% CI: 1.68-7.65), or Proteobacteria (aOR: 3.39, 95% CI: 1.55-7.39) was associated with an increased risk of sPTB in the non-GDM group (P < 0.05). However, the relative abundance of novel L. mulieris (a new species of the L. delbrueckii group) was associated with a decreased risk of sPTB (false discovery rate, 0.10) in all pregnant women.ConclusionGDM may modify the association of vaginal taxa with sPTB, suggesting that maternal GDM should be considered when using vaginal taxa to identify pregnant women at high risk of sPTB.

Dataset Information

Exploring profile and potential influencers of vaginal microbiome among asymptomatic pregnant Chinese women.

Publications

Exploring profile and potential influencers of vaginal microbiome among asymptomatic pregnant Chinese women.

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