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Beyond birth outcomes: Interpregnancy interval and injury-related infant mortality.


ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Several studies have examined the association between IPI and birth outcomes, but few have explored the association between interpregnancy interval (IPI) and postnatal outcomes. OBJECTIVE:We examined the association between IPI and injury-related infant mortality, a leading cause of postneonatal mortality. METHODS:We used 2011-2015 US period-linked birth-infant death vital statistics data to generate a multiyear birth cohort of non-first-born singleton births (N = 9 782 029). IPI was defined as the number of months between a live birth and the start of the pregnancy leading to the next live birth. Causes of death in the first year of life were identified using ICD-10 codes. Hazard ratios (HR) for IPI categories were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for birth order, county poverty level, and maternal characteristics (marital status, race/ethnicity, education, age at previous birth). RESULTS:After adjustment, overall infant mortality (48.1 per 10 000 births) was higher for short and long IPIs compared with IPI 18-23 months (reference): <6, aHR 1.61, 95% CI 1.54, 1.68; 6-11, aHR 1.22, 95% CI 1.17, 1.26; and 60+ months, aHR 1.12, 95% CI 1.08, 1.16. In comparison, the risk of injury-related infant mortality (4.4 per 10 000 births) decreased with longer IPIs: <6, aHR 1.77, 95% CI 1.55, 2.01; 6-11, aHR 1.41, 95% CI 1.25, 1.59; 12-17, aHR 1.25, 95% CI 1.10, 1.41; 24-59, aHR 0.78, 95% CI 0.69, 0.87; and 60+ months, aHR 0.55, 95% CI 0.48, 0.62. CONCLUSION:Unlike overall infant mortality, injury-related infant mortality decreased with IPI length. While injury-related deaths are rare, these patterns suggest that the timing between births may be a marker of risk for fatal infant injuries. The first year postpartum may be an ideal time for the delivery of evidence-based injury prevention programmes as well as family planning services.

SUBMITTER: Thoma ME 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6913028 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Beyond birth outcomes: Interpregnancy interval and injury-related infant mortality.

Thoma Marie E ME   Rossen Lauren M LM   De Silva Dane A DA   Warner Margaret M   Simon Alan E AE   Moskosky Susan S   Ahrens Katherine A KA  

Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology 20190912 5


<h4>Background</h4>Several studies have examined the association between IPI and birth outcomes, but few have explored the association between interpregnancy interval (IPI) and postnatal outcomes.<h4>Objective</h4>We examined the association between IPI and injury-related infant mortality, a leading cause of postneonatal mortality.<h4>Methods</h4>We used 2011-2015 US period-linked birth-infant death vital statistics data to generate a multiyear birth cohort of non-first-born singleton births (N   ...[more]

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