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Peripheral proinflammatory markers are upregulated in abstinent alcohol-dependent patients but are not affected by cognitive bias modification: Preliminary findings.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Inflammatory pathways are known to be negatively affected in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Cognitive bias modification (CBM), an emerging behavioral treatment that involves the 're-training' of cognitive biases using computerized tasks, has been reported to reduce alcohol craving and relapse rates. The aim of this study was to compare peripheral concentrations of the proinflammatory biomarkers IL-18, IL-6, IL-1?, TNF-? and CRP in AUD patients versus controls and to identify whether CBM treatment affected these biomarkers in AUD patients. METHODS:This 3-week double-blind randomized controlled study tested 36 male abstinent AUD patients receiving CBM or placebo-training, who were also compared to 18 male healthy controls. The approach avoidance task (AAT) was used to test the AUD patients before and after training. CBM training took place over 6 sessions, using a joystick-based approach-avoidance task. Blood samples were collected after the pre- and post-AAT test sessions for the AUD groups, and during an outpatient appointment with the controls. RESULTS:AUD patients, versus controls, presented with significantly higher plasma levels of TNF- ? (P < 0.0001) and CRP (P = 0.0031). No changes in the CBM versus placebo groups were noted in IL-18, TNF-? and CRP concentrations following pre-post change or within group pretest- posttest analysis. IL-6 and IL-1? levels fell under the lower detection limit, thus were not included in the final analyses. CONCLUSIONS:This study confirms that the inflammatory system is altered in AUD. This was the first study that investigated whether CBM training affected proinflammatory markers in AUD patients.

SUBMITTER: Portelli J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6913873 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Peripheral proinflammatory markers are upregulated in abstinent alcohol-dependent patients but are not affected by cognitive bias modification: Preliminary findings.

Portelli Jeanelle J Wiers Corinde E CE Li Xiaobai X Deschaine Sara L SL McDiarmid Gray R GR Bermpohl Felix F Leggio Lorenzo L

Drug and alcohol dependence 20190911

<h4>Background</h4>Inflammatory pathways are known to be negatively affected in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Cognitive bias modification (CBM), an emerging behavioral treatment that involves the 're-training' of cognitive biases using computerized tasks, has been reported to reduce alcohol craving and relapse rates. The aim of this study was to compare peripheral concentrations of the proinflammatory biomarkers IL-18, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and CRP in AUD patients versus controls and to ...[more]

PMID: 31541874

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Project description:AimsThe orexigenic peptide ghrelin may enhance the incentive value of food-, drug- and alcohol-related rewards. Consistent with preclinical findings, human studies indicate a role of ghrelin in alcohol use disorders (AUD). In the present study an a priori hypothesis-driven analysis was conducted to investigate whether a Leu72Met missense polymorphism (rs696217) in the prepro-ghrelin gene (GHRL), is associated with AUD, alcohol consumption and subjective responses to alcohol.MethodAssociation analysis was performed using the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) clinical sample, comprising AUD individuals and controls (N = 1127). Then, a post-hoc analysis using data from a human laboratory study of intravenous alcohol self-administration (IV-ASA, N = 144) was performed to investigate the association of this SNP with subjective responses following a fixed dose of alcohol (priming phase) and alcohol self-administration (ad libitum phase).ResultsThe case-control study revealed a trend association (N = 1127, OR = 0.665, CI = 0.44-1.01, P = 0.056) between AUD diagnosis and Leu72Met. In AUD subjects, the SNP was associated with significantly lower average drinks per day (n = 567, β = -2.49, 95% CI = -4.34 to -0.64, P = 0.008) and significantly fewer heavy drinking days (n = 567, β = -12.00, 95% CI = -19.10 to -4.89, P < 0.001). The IV-ASA study further revealed that 72Met carriers had greater subjective responses to alcohol (P < 0.05) when compared to Leu72Leu both at priming and during ad lib self-administration.ConclusionAlthough preliminary, these findings suggest that the Leu72Leu genotype may lead to increased risk of AUD possibly via mechanisms involving a lower response to alcohol resulting in excessive alcohol consumption. Further investigations are warranted.Short summaryWe investigated whether a Leu72Met missense polymorphism in the prepro-ghrelin gene, is associated with alcohol use disorder, alcohol consumption and subjective responses to alcohol. Although preliminary, results suggest that the Leu72Leu genotype may lead to increased risk of alcohol use disorder possibly via mechanisms involving a lower response to alcohol.

Dataset Information

Peripheral proinflammatory markers are upregulated in abstinent alcohol-dependent patients but are not affected by cognitive bias modification: Preliminary findings.

Publications

Peripheral proinflammatory markers are upregulated in abstinent alcohol-dependent patients but are not affected by cognitive bias modification: Preliminary findings.

Similar Datasets

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