The Role of Pets in Supporting Cognitive-Behavioral Chronic Pain Self-Management: Perspectives of Older Adults.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Janevic MR
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6920602 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:The purpose of this study was to explore perceptions of the first dose of a cognitive behavioral sleep self-management intervention (CB-sleep) among young adults aged 18 to 25 years with type 1 diabetes (T1D). We used a qualitative descriptive approach to conduct in-depth semi-structured focused interviews with a purposive sample of 16 young adults with T1D, transitioning from adolescence to early adulthood. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Participants described their sleep knowledge (previous, new, and additional), sleep health goals, along with barriers and facilitators of the CB-sleep intervention. Based on these results, we suggest CB-sleep is a useful modality with the potential to support sleep self-management in young adults with T1D during this complex life transition. Furthermore, CB-sleep could be incorporated into an existing diabetes self-management education and support program after pilot testing and determining efficacy to improve sleep and glycemic health.
| S-EPMC10249334 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo explore and describe older African Americans' patterns and perceptions of managing chronic osteoarthritis pain.MethodsA convergent parallel mixed-methods design incorporating cross-sectional surveys and individual, semistructured interviews.SettingOne hundred ten African Americans (≥50 years of age) with clinical osteoarthritis (OA) or provider-diagnosed OA from communities in northern Louisiana were enrolled.ResultsAlthough frequency varied depending on the severity of pain, older African Americans actively used an average of seven to eight self-management strategies over the course of a month to control pain. The average number of self-management strategies between high and low education and literacy groups was not statistically different, but higher-educated adults used approximately one additional strategy than those with high school or less. To achieve pain relief, African Americans relied on 10 self-management strategies that were inexpensive, easy to use and access, and generally perceived as helpful: over-the-counter (OTC) topicals, thermal modalities, land-based exercise, spiritual activities, OTC and prescribed analgesics, orthotic and assistive devices, joint injections, rest, and massage and vitamins.ConclusionsThis is one of the first studies to quantitatively and qualitatively investigate the self-management of chronic OA pain in an older African American population that happened to be a predominantly higher-educated and health-literate sample. Findings indicate that Southern-dwelling African Americans are highly engaged in a range of different self-management strategies, many of which are self-initiated. Although still an important component of chronic pain self-management, spirituality was used by less than half of African Americans, but use of oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids was relatively high.
| S-EPMC7963201 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Increasing evidence supports the use of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for patients with chronic pain.This study determined whether physical therapists incorporate CBT techniques (eg, relaxation, activity pacing) when treating older patients with chronic pain, ascertained their interest in and barriers to using CBT, and identified participant-related factors associated with interest in CBT.This cross-sectional study used a telephone survey.One hundred fifty-two members of the Geriatrics and Orthopaedics sections of the American Physical Therapy Association completed the survey. Associations between participant-related factors and interest in CBT were assessed in statistical general linear models.Commonly used CBT interventions included activity pacing and pleasurable activity scheduling, frequently used by 81% and 30% of the respondents, respectively. Non-CBT treatments included exercises focusing on joint stability (94%) and mobility (94%), and strengthening and stretching programs (91%). Respondents' overall interest in CBT techniques was 12.70 (SD=3.4, scale range=5-20). Barriers to use of CBT included lack of knowledge of and skill in the techniques, reimbursement concerns, and time constraints. Practice type and the interaction of percentage of patients with pain and educational degree of the physical therapist were independently associated with provider interest in CBT in a general linear model that also included 6 other variables specified a priori.Data are based on self-report without regard to treatment emphasis.Although only a minority of physical therapists reported use of some CBT techniques when treating older patients with chronic pain, their interest in incorporating these techniques into practice is substantial. Concerns with their skill level using the techniques, time constraints, and reimbursement constitute barriers to use of the interventions.
| S-EPMC2716379 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC4707527 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and objectivesThe relationship between chronic pain (CP) and cognitive decline (CD) is bidirectional among older adults. The CP-CD comorbidity can progressively worsen cognitive, physical, emotional, and social functioning with aging. We explored the feasibility and outcomes associated with 2 mind-body activity programs for CP and CD that focus on increasing walking using time goals (Active Brains) or step-count reinforced via Fitbit (Active Brains-Fitbit).Research design and methodsOlder adults with CP and CD participated in a nonrandomized open pilot of Active Brains (n = 6) and Active Brains-Fitbit (n = 6) followed by exit interviews. Quantitative analysis explored feasibility markers and signals of improvement on physical, cognitive, and emotional function, as well as additional program targets. Qualitative analyses were predominantly deductive and applied the Framework Method to enhance the programs and methodology.ResultsBoth programs met a priori feasibility benchmarks. We found within-group improvements for pain intensity, pain-specific coping, physical function, and cognitive function in both programs. Exit interviews confirmed high satisfaction with both programs.Discussion and implicationsOur mixed-methods data provide preliminary evidence of feasibility, showed promise for improving outcomes, and yielded critical information to further enhance the programs. We discuss "lessons learned" and future directions.
| S-EPMC8679005 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and objectivesPatients with CKD are asked to perform self-management tasks including dietary changes, adhering to medications, avoiding nephrotoxic drugs, and self-monitoring hypertension and diabetes. Given the effect of aging on functional capacity, self-management may be especially challenging for older patients. However, little is known about the specific challenges older adults face maintaining CKD self-management regimens.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsWe conducted an exploratory qualitative study designed to understand the relationship among factors facilitating or impeding CKD self-management in older adults. Six focus groups (n=30) were held in August and September of 2014 with veterans≥70 years old with moderate-to-severe CKD receiving nephrology care at the Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Grounded theory with a constant comparative method was used to collect, code, and analyze data.ResultsParticipants had a mean age (range) of 75.1 (70.1-90.7) years, 60% were black, and 96.7% were men. The central organizing concept that emerged from these data were managing complexity. Participants typically did not have just one chronic condition, CKD, but a number of commonly co-occurring conditions. Recommendations for CKD self-management therefore occurred within a complex regimen of recommendations for managing other diseases. Participants identified overtly discordant treatment recommendations across chronic conditions (e.g., arthritis and CKD). Prioritization emerged as one effective strategy for managing complexity (e.g., focusing on BP control). Some patients arrived at the conclusion that they could group concordant recommendations to simplify their regimens (e.g., protein restriction for both gout and CKD).ConclusionsAmong older veterans with moderate-to-severe CKD, multimorbidity presents a major challenge for CKD self-management. Because virtually all older adults with CKD have multimorbidity, an integrated treatment approach that supports self-management across commonly occurring conditions may be necessary to meet the needs of these patients.
| S-EPMC5383384 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and objectivesChronic pain (CP) and cognitive decline (CD) often co-occur in older adults, which can reinforce a "disability spiral." Early interventions teaching pain coping skills and gradual increases in activity (walking) are needed to promote overall well-being and potentially delay further decline of cognition and daily functioning. The goal of this mixed-methods study was to guide the development of two mind-body activity programs for CP and CD which focus on increasing walking using time goals (Active Brains) or step count reinforced by a Fitbit (Active Brains-Fitbit).Research design and methodsOlder adults with CP and CD (N = 23) participated in a one-time focus group (four total) and completed measures of physical, emotional, and cognitive functioning. Qualitative analyses identified population-specific needs, preferences, and perceptions of proposed program skills. Quantitative analysis compared clinical characteristics to population norms and explored intercorrelations among treatment targets.ResultsThematic analyses revealed six main themes: (1) challenges living with CP and (2) CD, (3) current walking, (4) technology (Fitbit) to increase walking, (5) perceptions of proposed program skills (e.g., mind-body, pain, and increased walking), and (6) program barriers and facilitators. Quantitative analyses showed that (a) participants had physical function below reference values and (b) higher self-efficacy correlated with higher cognitive, emotional, and physical functioning.Discussion and implicationsFocus group participants were enthusiastic about the proposed program skills. Current work includes open pilot testing, qualitative interviews, and a small randomized controlled trial to optimize the programs and methodology in preparation for efficacy testing against an educational control.
| S-EPMC8023364 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Gene expression profiling was carried out on peripheral blood mononuclear cell mRNA samples collected from 53 female breast cancer patients at 6- or 12-month follow-ups in a randomized controlled trial of Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management or an active control condition. The primary research question is whether gene expression differs in patients treated with Cogntive Behavioral Stress Management vs control conditions. Gene expression profiling was carried out on peripheral blood mononuclear cell mRNA samples collected from 53 female breast cancer patients at 6- or 12-month follow-ups in a randomized controlled trial of Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management or an active control condition. The primary research question is whether gene expression differs in patients treated with Cogntive Behavioral Stress Management vs control conditions. Risk prediction
2012-01-01 | E-GEOD-24079 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:IntroductionOlder adults have complex medication self-management challenges that can contribute to poor disease control.MethodsIn 2016, an interprofessional medication self-management program was implemented in an internal medicine primary care residency clinic caring for a large proportion of indigent patients. This was a 1-year, quasi-experimental, pre–post study approved by the Institutional Review Board to evaluate the impact of this program on hypertension and diabetes control in older adults. Patients aged 60 years or older with both systolic blood pressure > 140 mm Hg and A1C > 7.5% were included in the study; patients who did not have these characteristics were excluded. Interprofessional team members (nurses, certified medical assistants, pharmacist, dietician, social worker, and nurse technician) obtained 6-month medication fill histories from pharmacies and provided findings to physicians prior to patient appointments. During patient appointments, medication self-management interventions were performed such as motivational interviewing and regimen simplification. Members contacted patients by phone after each appointment for ongoing medication self-management support.ResultsOf 50 patients, the mean age was 67 years, 78% were female, 88% were black, the mean baseline systolic blood pressure was 159.8 mm Hg, and A1C was 9.7%. The 1-year mean systolic blood pressure was significantly reduced [151.5 mm Hg vs 141.8 mm Hg, ?9.7 mm Hg difference, 95% confidence interval (CI) ?6.19 to ?13.19, P < 0.001], and the 1-year mean A1C was significantly reduced (9.6% vs 8.6%, ?1.0% difference, 95% CI ?0.49 to ?1.39, P < 0.001) after implementation. Compared to baseline, the mean systolic blood pressure and A1C were significantly lower at each follow-up visit.ConclusionThis interprofessional medication self-management initiative improved systolic blood pressure and A1C in underserved older adults in an internal medicine residency clinic.
| S-EPMC7244347 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Chronic pain is common in nursing home residents, who may have difficulty seeking out pain management strategies. Peer support model show promise as a strategy for managing chronic conditions. This was a clustered randomized controlled trial. A peer-led pain management program was provided for the experimental group. Pain situation, depression, quality of life, non-drug strategies used, and pain knowledge were measured. A total of 262 participants joined the study (146 were allocated as experimental group and 116 as control group). Before our intervention, the mean pain score reported was as high as 6.36 on a 10-point Likert Scale. The high intensity of their pain very much interfered with the daily activities of the participants. Pain interference was high and the participants had poor coping as indicated by the low pain self-efficacy. Depression and a low quality of life score was found. Upon completion of our PAP, there was a significant increase in pain self-efficacy, pain interference as well as quality of life for the participants in the experimental group and not in the control group, and this improvement sustained in 3-month follow up. The present study used a peer support models and proven to be effective in managing pain and pain related situations for nursing home residents with chronic pain. The peer volunteers involved in the pain management program taught relevant pain knowledge and pain management strategies to help our participants. Clinical Trial Registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03823495, NCT03823495.
| S-EPMC8375026 | biostudies-literature