Dataset Information

Backwashing performance of self-cleaning screen filters in drip irrigation systems.

ABSTRACT: The self-cleaning screen filter is one of the most common types used in drip irrigation systems. Backwashing pressure difference and backwashing time for two screen filters with one geometry and two different screens (178 ?m and 124 ?m) using two water qualities (tap water and sand-water mixture) were studied in a total of 88 runs (42 runs for tap water, 22 and 24 filtration cycles for sand-water mixture and backwashing, respectively). The backwashing pressure difference and backwashing time were calculated using the experimental data, and the results were largely in the range of measured values. Three constraint conditions (flowrate, sand condition and filtration time) of backwashing pressure difference were analysed, and the optimal values of backwashing pressure difference were given as 60.0 and 70.0 kPa for 178 ?m and 124 ?m filters, respectively. The backwashing time of the screen filter should be an optimal value that ensures that the pressure difference between the internal and external surfaces of the screen decreased to the initial value, and the sand concentration of the backwashed outlet decreased to a small, stable value. Based on the results of the backwashing experiment and prototype observation, the optimal backwashing time was given as 30 to 45 s for both screen filters.

SUBMITTER: Zong Q

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6922369 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Backwashing performance of self-cleaning screen filters in drip irrigation systems.

Zong Quanli Q Liu Zhenji Z Liu Huanfang H Yang Hongfei H

PloS one 20191219 12

The self-cleaning screen filter is one of the most common types used in drip irrigation systems. Backwashing pressure difference and backwashing time for two screen filters with one geometry and two different screens (178 μm and 124 μm) using two water qualities (tap water and sand-water mixture) were studied in a total of 88 runs (42 runs for tap water, 22 and 24 filtration cycles for sand-water mixture and backwashing, respectively). The backwashing pressure difference and backwashing time wer ...[more]

PMID: 31856253

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Project description:IntroductionDrip irrigation is an efficient water-saving system used to improve crop production worldwide. However, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of maize plant senescence and its association with yield, soil water, and nitrogen (N) utilization under this system.MethodsA 3-year field experiment in the northeast plains of China was used to assess four drip irrigation systems: (1) drip irrigation under plastic film mulch (PI); (2) drip irrigation under biodegradable film mulch (BI); (3) drip irrigation incorporating straw returning (SI); and (4) drip irrigation with the tape buried at a shallow soil depth (OI), and furrow irrigation (FI) was used as the control. The plant senescence characteristic based on the dynamic process of green leaf area (GLA) and live root length density (LRLD) during the reproductive stage, and its correlation with leaf N components, water use efficiency (WUE), and N use efficiency (NUE) was investigated.ResultsPI followed by BI achieved the highest integral GLA and LRLD, grain filling rate, and leaf and root senescence rate after silking. Greater yield, WUE, and NUE were positively associated with higher N translocation efficiency of leaf protein responding for photosynthesis, respiration, and structure under PI and BI; whereas, no significant differences were found in yield, WUE, and NUE between PI and BI. SI effectively promoted LRLD in the deeper 20- to 100-cm soil layers, prolonged the GLA and LRLD persistent durations, and reduced the leaf and root senescence rates. The remobilization of non-protein storage N was stimulated by SI, FI, and OI, which made up for the relative inadequacy of leaf N.DiscussionInstead of persistent GLA and LRLD durations and high translocation efficiency of non-protein storage N, fast and large protein N translocation from leaves to grains under PI and BI was found to facilitate maize yield, WUE, and NUE in the sole cropping semi-arid region, and BI was recommend considering that it can reduce plastic pollution.

Project description:Water scarcity is one of the most significant constraints on agricultural production in the world, notably in Ethiopia. In the location where this study was conducted, production is only possible once a year. To make the most use of available water, effective water application technologies must be used, and the feasibility of producing crops in water-stressed scenarios must also be researched. In areas of water shortage, deficit irrigation was an essential approach for raising water production and improving water use efficiency. For this purpose, a field experiment was carried out at Alage ATVET College in Ethiopia's Central Rift Valley during the 2019/20 dry season. The regularly grown cash crop pepper was chosen for experimentation under drip irrigation. The study aimed were to investigate the influence of deficit irrigation levels on agronomic performance and water productivity. Seven deficit levels (DI) namely 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10 and 0% were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications by using drip irrigation. Water application was used in all deficit levels by managing the demand side. Full irrigation produced the maximum plant height, branch number, fruit weight per plant, fruit diameter, fruit length, marketable and total yield. However, at 20% DI levels, stem diameter, flower and fruit number per plant increased. There were only significant variations in total dry yield at 50% and 60% deficiency levels. Marketable yield was significantly different across all deficit levels. It was not possible to determine the water stress threshold level of pepper due to the large variation in yield, but at 30% DI, the yield reduction was about one-quarter of the 0% deficiency level by withholding 33.4% water. CWUE was significantly different at all deficit levels, demonstrating that as stress levels rise, so does CWUE. IWUE exhibited significant difference only at 0 and10% DI. As a result, it is possible to conclude that using at 30% deficit by withholding 33.4% of water can be used to optimize the yield and water productivity of pepper production at Alage and other areas with comparable agro-ecology.

Dataset Information

Backwashing performance of self-cleaning screen filters in drip irrigation systems.

Publications

Backwashing performance of self-cleaning screen filters in drip irrigation systems.

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