Dataset Information

Description of Seba longimera sp. nov. from hydrothermal vents in the Okinawa Trough, Northwest Pacific (Amphipoda, Amphilochoidea, Sebidae).

ABSTRACT: Seba longimera sp. nov., of the family Sebidae Walker, 1908, is described from hydrothermal vents in Okinawa Trough. Other two congenic species, S. bathybia Larsen, 2007 and S. profundus Shaw, 1989, are also reported from these hydrothermal vents, but the new species can be readily distinguished from them in having the merus of pereopods 5 and 6 extending beyond distal margin of carpus, coxa 4 smaller than coxae 2 and 3, and coxa 5 with the posterior lobe larger than the anterior one, rather than equilobate.

SUBMITTER: Wang Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6923256 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Description of Seba longimera sp. nov. from hydrothermal vents in the Okinawa Trough, Northwest Pacific (Amphipoda, Amphilochoidea, Sebidae).

Wang Yanrong Y Zhu Chaodong C Sha Zhongli Z Ren Xianqiu X

ZooKeys 20191212

Seba longimera sp. nov., of the family Sebidae Walker, 1908, is described from hydrothermal vents in Okinawa Trough. Other two congenic species, S. bathybia Larsen, 2007 and S. profundus Shaw, 1989, are also reported from these hydrothermal vents, but the new species can be readily distinguished from them in having the merus of pereopods 5 and 6 extending beyond distal margin of carpus, coxa 4 smaller than coxae 2 and 3, and coxa 5 with the posterior lobe larger than ...[more]

PMID: 31871404

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Project description:The distribution of species among spatially isolated habitat patches supports regional biodiversity and stability, so understanding the underlying processes and structure is a key target of conservation. Although multivariate statistics can infer the connectivity processes driving species distribution, such as dispersal and habitat suitability, they rarely explore the structure. Methods from graph theory, applied to distribution data, give insights into both connectivity pathways and processes by intuitively formatting the data as a network of habitat patches. We apply these methods to empirical data from the hydrothermal vent habitats of the Northwest Pacific. Hydrothermal vents are "oases" of biological productivity and endemicity on the seafloor that are imminently threatened by anthropogenic disturbances with unknown consequences to biodiversity. Here, we describe the structure of species assemblage networks at hydrothermal vents, how local and regional parameters affect their structure, and the implications for conservation. Two complementary networks were formed from an extensive species assemblage dataset: a similarity network of vent site nodes linked by weighted edges based on their pairwise assemblage similarity and a bipartite network of species nodes linked to vent site nodes at which they are present. Using these networks, we assessed the role of individual vent sites in maintaining network connectivity and identified biogeographic sub-regions. The three sub-regions and two outlying sites are separated by their spatial arrangement and local environmental filters. Both networks detected vent sites that play a disproportionately important role in regional pathways, while the bipartite network also identified key vent sites maintaining the distinct species assemblages of their sub-regions. These regional connectivity pathways provide insights into historical colonization routes, while sub-regional connectivity pathways are of value when selecting sites for conservation and/or estimating the multivent impacts from proposed deep-sea mining.

Project description:Since the initial discovery of hydrothermal vents in 1977, these 'extreme' chemosynthetic systems have been a focus of interdisciplinary research. The Okinawa Trough (OT), located in the semi-enclosed East China Sea between the Eurasian continent and the Ryukyu arc, hosts more than 20 known vent sites but all within a relatively narrow depth range (600-1880?m). Depth is a significant factor in determining fluid temperature and chemistry, as well as biological composition. However, due to the narrow depth range of known sites, the actual influence of depth here has been poorly resolved. Here, the Yokosuka site (2190?m), the first OT vent exceeding 2000?m depth is reported. A highly active hydrothermal vent site centred around four active vent chimneys reaching 364°C in temperature, it is the hottest in the OT. Notable Cl depletion (130?mM) and both high H2 and CH4 concentrations (approx. 10?mM) probably result from subcritical phase separation and thermal decomposition of sedimentary organic matter. Microbiota and fauna were generally similar to other sites in the OT, although with some different characteristics. In terms of microbiota, the H2-rich vent fluids in Neuschwanstein chimney resulted in the dominance of hydrogenotrophic chemolithoautotrophs such as Thioreductor and Desulfobacterium. For fauna, the dominance of the deep-sea mussel Bathymodiolus aduloides is surprising given other nearby vent sites are usually dominated by B. platifrons and/or B. japonicus, and a sponge field in the periphery dominated by Poecilosclerida is unusual for OT vents. Our insights from the Yokosuka site implies that although the distribution of animal species may be linked to depth, the constraint is perhaps not water pressure and resulting chemical properties of the vent fluid but instead physical properties of the surrounding seawater. The potential significance of these preliminary results and prospect for future research on this unique site are discussed.

Dataset Information

Description of Seba longimera sp. nov. from hydrothermal vents in the Okinawa Trough, Northwest Pacific (Amphipoda, Amphilochoidea, Sebidae).

Publications

Description of <i>Seba longimera</i> sp. nov. from hydrothermal vents in the Okinawa Trough, Northwest Pacific (Amphipoda, Amphilochoidea, Sebidae).

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