Dataset Information

Associations between socioeconomic position and changes in children's screen-viewing between ages 6 and 9: a longitudinal study.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

To explore socioeconomic differences in screen-viewing at ages 6 and 9, and how these are related to different media uses.

Design

Longitudinal cohort study.

Setting

Children recruited from 57 state-funded primary schools in Southwest England, UK.

Participants

1299 children at ages 5-6, 1223 children at ages 8-9, including 685 children at both time points.

Outcome measures

Children's total screen-viewing time (parent-reported) and time spent using multiple screen devices simultaneously (multiscreen viewing), for weekdays and weekends.

Methods

Negative binomial regression was used to model associations between socioeconomic variables (highest household education and area deprivation) and total screen-viewing at age 6 and the change from age 6 to 9. We additionally adjusted for child characteristics, parental influences and media devices in the home. Multiscreen viewing was analysed separately.

Results

Household education was associated with children's screen-viewing at age 6 with lower screen-viewing in higher socioeconomic groups (21%-27%?less in households with a Degree or Higher Degree, compared with General Certificate of Secondary Education: GCSE). These differences were explained by the presence of games consoles, parental limits on screen-viewing and average parent screen-viewing. Between ages 6 and 9, there were larger increases in screen-viewing for children from A level and Degree households (13% and 6%, respectively, in the week) and a decrease in Higher Degree households (16%), compared with GCSE households. Differences by household education remained when adjusting for media devices and parental factors.

Conclusions

Children's screen-viewing patterns differ by parental education with higher levels of viewing among children living in households with lower educational qualifications. These differences are already present at age 6, and continue at age 9. Strategies to manage child sedentary time, and particularly screen-viewing, may need to take account of the socioeconomic differences and target strategies to specific groups.

SUBMITTER: Salway RE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6924727 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Associations between socioeconomic position and changes in children's screen-viewing between ages 6 and 9: a longitudinal study.

Salway Ruth E RE Emm-Collison Lydia L Sebire Simon S Thompson Janice L JL Jago Russ R

BMJ open 20191210 12

<h4>Objectives</h4>To explore socioeconomic differences in screen-viewing at ages 6 and 9, and how these are related to different media uses.<h4>Design</h4>Longitudinal cohort study.<h4>Setting</h4>Children recruited from 57 state-funded primary schools in Southwest England, UK.<h4>Participants</h4>1299 children at ages 5-6, 1223 children at ages 8-9, including 685 children at both time points.<h4>Outcome measures</h4>Children's total screen-viewing time (parent-reported) and time spent using mu ...[more]

PMID: 31826887

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Project description:We aimed to evaluate the association between family socioeconomic status and repeatedly measured child television viewing time from early childhood to the school period. We analyzed data on 3,561 Dutch children from the Generation R Study, a population-based study in the Netherlands. Parent-reported television viewing time for children aged 2, 3, 4, 6 and 9 years were collected by questionnaires sent from April 2004 until January 2015. Odds ratios of watching television ?1 hour/day at each age were calculated for children of mothers with low, mid-low, mid-high and high (reference group) education and children from low, middle and high (reference group) income households. A generalized logistic mixed model was used to assess the association between family socioeconomic status and child television viewing time trajectory. The percentage of children watching television ?1 hour/day increased from age 2 to 9 years for all children (24.2%-85.0% for children of low-educated mothers; 4.7%-61.4% for children of high-educated mothers; 17.2%-74.9% for children from low income households; 6.2%-65.1% for children from high income households). Independent socioeconomic effect in child television viewing time was found for maternal educational level. The interaction between net household income and child age in longitudinal analyses was significant (p = 0.01), indicating that the television viewing time trajectories were different in household income subgroups. However the interaction between maternal educational level and child age was not significant (p = 0.19). Inverse socioeconomic gradients in child television viewing time were found from the preschool period to the late school period. The educational differences between the various educational subgroups remained stable with increasing age, but the differences between household income groups changed over time. Intervention developers and healthcare practitioners need to raise awareness among non-highly educated parents that the socioeconomic gradient in television viewing time has a tracking effect starting from preschool age.

Project description:ImportanceScreen viewing in adults has been associated with greater abdominal adiposity, with the magnitude of associations varying by sex and ethnicity, but the evidence is lacking at younger ages. We aimed to investigate sex- and ethnic-specific associations of screen-viewing time at ages 2 and 3 years with abdominal adiposity measured by magnetic resonance imaging at age 4.5 years.MethodsThe Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes is an ongoing prospective mother-offspring cohort study. Parents/caregivers reported the time their child spent viewing television, handheld devices, and computer screens at ages 2 and 3 years. Superficial and deep subcutaneous and visceral abdominal adipose tissue volumes were quantified from magnetic resonance images acquired at age 4.5 years. Associations between screen-viewing time and abdominal adipose tissue volumes were examined by multivariable linear regression adjusting for confounding factors.ResultsIn the overall sample (n = 307), greater total screen-viewing time and handheld device times were associated with higher superficial and deep subcutaneous adipose tissue volumes, but not with visceral adipose tissue volumes. Interactions with child sex were found, with significant associations with superficial and deep subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue volumes in boys, but not in girls. Among boys, the increases in mean (95% CI) superficial and deep subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue volumes were 24.3 (9.9, 38.7), 17.6 (7.4, 27.8), and 7.8 (2.1, 13.6) mL per hour increase in daily total screen-viewing time, respectively. Ethnicity-specific analyses showed associations of total screen-viewing time with abdominal adiposity only in Malay children. Television viewing time was not associated with abdominal adiposity.ConclusionGreater total screen-viewing time (and in particular, handheld device viewing time) was associated with higher abdominal adiposity in boys and Malay children. Additional studies are necessary to confirm these associations and to examine screen-viewing interventions for preventing excessive abdominal adiposity and its adverse cardiometabolic consequences.

Dataset Information

Associations between socioeconomic position and changes in children's screen-viewing between ages 6 and 9: a longitudinal study.

Objectives

Design

Setting

Participants

Outcome measures

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Associations between socioeconomic position and changes in children's screen-viewing between ages 6 and 9: a longitudinal study.

Similar Datasets

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