Dataset Information

Habitual activity associates with lower fasting and greater glucose-induced GLP-1 response in men.

ABSTRACT: RATIONALE:The hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) decreases blood glucose and appetite. Greater physical activity (PA) is associated with lower incidence of type 2 diabetes. While acute exercise may increase glucose-induced response of GLP-1, it is unknown how habitual PA affects GLP-1 secretion. We hypothesised that habitual PA associates with greater glucose-induced GLP-1 responses in overweight individuals. METHODS:Cross-sectional analysis of habitual PA levels and GLP-1 concentrations in 1326 individuals (mean (SD) age 66 (7) years, BMI 27.1 (4.5) kg/m2) from the ADDITION-PRO cohort. Fasting and oral glucose-stimulated GLP-1 responseswere measured using validated radioimmunoassay. PA was measured using 7-days combined accelerometry and heart rate monitoring. From this, energy expenditure (PAEE;kJ/kg/day) and fractions of time spent in activity intensities (hours/day) were calculated. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF;ml O2/kg/min) was calculated using step tests. Age-, BMI- and insulin sensitivity-adjusted associations between PA and GLP-1, stratified by sex, were evaluated by linear regression analysis. RESULTS:In 703 men, fasting GLP-1 concentrations were 20% lower (95%CI: -33;-3%, P=0.02) for every hour of moderate-intensity PA performed. Higher CRF and PAEE were associated with 1-2% lower fasting GLP-1 (P=0.01). For every hour moderate-intensity PA, the glucose-stimulated GLP-1 response was 16% greater at peak 30 min (1;33%, PrAUC0-30=0.04) and 20% greater at full response (3;40%, PrAUC0-120=0.02). No associations were found in women who performed PA 22 min/day versus 32 min/day for men. CONCLUSION:Moderate-intensity PA is associated with lower fasting and greater glucose-induced GLP-1 responses in overweight men, possibly contributing to improved glucose and appetite regulation with increased habitual PA.

SUBMITTER: Janus C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6933827 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Habitual physical activity is associated with lower fasting and greater glucose-induced GLP-1 response in men.

Janus Charlotte C Vistisen Dorte D Amadid Hanan H Witte Daniel R DR Lauritzen Torsten T Brage Søren S Bjerregaard Anne-Louise AL Hansen Torben T Holst Jens J JJ Jørgensen Marit E ME Pedersen Oluf O Færch Kristine K Torekov Signe S SS

Endocrine connections 20191201 12

<h4>Rationale</h4>The hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) decreases blood glucose and appetite. Greater physical activity (PA) is associated with lower incidence of type 2 diabetes. While acute exercise may increase glucose-induced response of GLP-1, it is unknown how habitual PA affects GLP-1 secretion. We hypothesised that habitual PA associates with greater glucose-induced GLP-1 responses in overweight individuals.<h4>Methods</h4>Cross-sectional analysis of habitual PA levels and GLP-1 co ...[more]

PMID: 31804964

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Project description:ObjectivesIn the general population, the lower socioeconomic status (SES) associates with greater systemic and arterial inflammation and a greater risk of cardiovascular disease. Because arterial inflammation is heightened in individuals living with HIV, we tested the hypothesis that SES associates with arterial inflammation in this population.SettingsProspective cohort study.MethodsMen living with HIV were recruited. Arterial inflammation and leukopoietic activity (ie, bone marrow activity) were measured using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography. Zip code-level SES measures were derived from the US Census Bureau. Linear regression and mediation analyses were used to assess associations between SES, arterial inflammation, leukopoietic activity, C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6.ResultsThirty-nine virologically suppressed men living with HIV were studied (mean ± SD age 50.5 ± 11.1 years). The median CD4 count was 663 cells/mm3 (interquartile range: 399-922); 82% were receiving antiretroviral therapies. Local median income inversely associated with arterial inflammation [standardized β (95% confidence interval): -0.42 (-0.76 to -0.08)] after adjusting for age, Framingham risk score, statin use, antiretroviral use, and nadir CD4 count. The high-school graduation rate independently associated with arterial inflammation [-0.45 (-0.78 to -0.12)] and CRP [-0.49 (-0.86 to -0.012)]. Mediation analysis demonstrated the impact of SES on arterial inflammation was partially mediated by heightened circulating inflammatory levels: ↓SES (as high school graduation rate) →↑CRP →↑arterial inflammation accounting for 44% of the total effect (P < 0.05).ConclusionIn individuals living with HIV, lower SES independently associated with higher leukopoietic activity, circulating markers of inflammation, and arterial inflammation. Furthermore, the link between SES and arterial inflammation was mediated by increased systemic inflammation.

Project description:AimsCVD is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals with diabetes. It is currently unclear whether daily glucose variability contributes to CVD. Therefore, we investigated whether glucose variability is associated with arterial measures that are considered important in CVD pathogenesis.MethodsWe included participants of The Maastricht Study, an observational population-based cohort, who underwent at least 48 h of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) (n = 853; age: 59.9 ± 8.6 years; 49% women, 23% type 2 diabetes). We studied the cross-sectional associations of two glucose variability indices (CGM-assessed SD [SDCGM] and CGM-assessed CV [CVCGM]) and time in range (TIRCGM) with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), carotid distensibility coefficient, carotid intima-media thickness, ankle-brachial index and circumferential wall stress via multiple linear regression.ResultsHigher SDCGM was associated with higher cf-PWV after adjusting for demographics, cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyle factors (regression coefficient [B] per 1 mmol/l SDCGM [and corresponding 95% CI]: 0.413 m/s [0.147, 0.679], p = 0.002). In the model additionally adjusted for CGM-assessed mean sensor glucose (MSGCGM), SDCGM and MSGCGM contributed similarly to cf-PWV (respective standardised regression coefficients [st.βs] and 95% CIs of 0.065 [-0.018, 0.167], p = 0.160; and 0.059 [-0.043, 0.164], p = 0.272). In the fully adjusted models, both higher CVCGM (B [95% CI] per 10% CVCGM: 0.303 m/s [0.046, 0.559], p = 0.021) and lower TIRCGM (B [95% CI] per 10% TIRCGM: -0.145 m/s [-0.252, -0.038] p = 0.008) were statistically significantly associated with higher cf-PWV. Such consistent associations were not observed for the other arterial measures.ConclusionsOur findings show that greater daily glucose variability and lower TIRCGM are associated with greater aortic stiffness (cf-PWV) but not with other arterial measures. If corroborated in prospective studies, these results support the development of therapeutic agents that target both daily glucose variability and TIRCGM to prevent CVD.

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Project description:Background and aimsGlucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) may provide beneficial cardiovascular effects, possibly due to enhanced myocardial energetic efficiency by increasing myocardial glucose uptake (MGU). We assessed the effects of GLP-1 on MGU in healthy subjects during normo- and hypoglycemia.Materials and methodsWe included eighteen healthy men in two randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled cross-over studies. MGU was assessed with GLP-1 or saline infusion during pituitary-pancreatic normo- (plasma glucose (PG): 4.5 mM, n = 10) and hypoglycemic clamps (PG: 3.0 mM, n = 8) by positron emission tomography with (18)fluoro-deoxy-glucose ((18)F-FDG) as tracer.ResultsIn the normoglycemia study mean (± SD) age was 25±3 years, and BMI was 22.6±0.6 kg/m(2) and in the hypoglycemia study the mean age was 23±2 years with a mean body mass index of 23±2 kg/m(2). GLP-1 did not change MGU during normoglycemia (mean (+/- SD) 0.15+/-0.04 and 0.16+/-0.03 µmol/g/min, P = 0.46) or during hypoglycemia (0.16+/-0.03 and 0.13+/-0.04 µmol/g/min, P = 0.14). However, the effect of GLP-1 on MGU was negatively correlated to baseline MGU both during normo- and hypoglycemia, (P = 0.006, r(2) = 0.64 and P = 0.018, r(2) = 0.64, respectively) and changes in MGU correlated positively with the level of insulin resistance (HOMA 2IR) during hypoglycemia, P = 0.04, r(2) = 0.54. GLP-1 mediated an increase in circulating glucagon levels at PG levels below 3.5 mM and increased glucose infusion rates during the hypoglycemia study. No differences in other circulating hormones or metabolites were found.ConclusionsWhile GLP-1 does not affect overall MGU, GLP-1 induces changes in MGU dependent on baseline MGU such that GLP-1 increases MGU in subjects with low baseline MGU and decreases MGU in subjects with high baseline MGU. GLP-1 preserves MGU during hypoglycemia in insulin resistant subjects. ClinicalTrials.gov registration numbers: NCT00418288: (hypoglycemia) and NCT00256256: (normoglycemia).

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Habitual activity associates with lower fasting and greater glucose-induced GLP-1 response in men.

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Habitual physical activity is associated with lower fasting and greater glucose-induced GLP-1 response in men.

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