Dataset Information

Introduction of a CMR-conditional cardiac phantom simulating cardiac anatomy and function and enabling training of interventional CMR procedures.

ABSTRACT: Interventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) procedures promise to open-up new vistas regarding clinically relevant diagnostic and/or therapeutic procedures in the field of cardiology. However, a number of major limitations and challenges regarding interventional cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) procedures still delay their translation from pre-clinical studies to human application. A CMR-conditional cardiac phantom was constructed using MR-safe or -conditional materials only that is based on a unique modular composition allowing quick replacement of individual components. A maximal flow of 76?ml/sec in the aorta and 111?ml/sec in the pulmonary artery were measured, whereas the maximal flow velocity was 56?cm/sec and 89?cm/sec, respectively. A conventional wedge-pressure catheter was advanced over a MRI-conditional guidewire into the right ventricle and thereafter positioned in the pulmonary artery. Pulmonary artery pressure was measured, obtaining the following values for our cardiac phantom: max/min/mean?=?16/10/12?mmHg. The presented CMR-conditional cardiac phantom is the first of its kind that does not only mimic cardiac mechanics with adjustable fluid pressure in a four chamber setup that is closely adapted to that of the human heart, but also enables introduction and testing of interventional tools such as guidewires and catheters.

SUBMITTER: Bietenbeck M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6934499 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Introduction of a CMR-conditional cardiac phantom simulating cardiac anatomy and function and enabling training of interventional CMR procedures.

Bietenbeck Michael M Florian Anca A Chatzantonis Grigorios G Meier Claudia C Korthals Dennis D Martens Sven S Yilmaz Ali A

Scientific reports 20191227 1

Interventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) procedures promise to open-up new vistas regarding clinically relevant diagnostic and/or therapeutic procedures in the field of cardiology. However, a number of major limitations and challenges regarding interventional cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) procedures still delay their translation from pre-clinical studies to human application. A CMR-conditional cardiac phantom was constructed using MR-safe or -conditional materials only that is b ...[more]

PMID: 31882762

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Project description:BackgroundOne of the safety concerns when performing electrophysiological (EP) procedures under magnetic resonance (MR) guidance is the risk of passive tissue heating due to the EP catheter being exposed to the radiofrequency (RF) field of the RF transmitting body coil. Ablation procedures that use catheters with irrigated tips are well established therapeutic options for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias and when used in a modified mode might offer an additional system for suppressing passive catheter heating.MethodsA two-step approach was chosen. Firstly, tests on passive catheter heating were performed in a 1.5 T Avanto system (Siemens Healthcare Sector, Erlangen, Germany) using a ASTM Phantom in order to determine a possible maximum temperature rise. Secondly, a phantom was designed for simulation of the interface between blood and the vascular wall. The MR-RF induced temperature rise was simulated by catheter tip heating via a standard ablation generator. Power levels from 1 to 6 W were selected. Ablation duration was 120 s with no tip irrigation during the first 60 s and irrigation at rates from 2 ml/min to 35 ml/min for the remaining 60 s (Biotronik Qiona Pump, Berlin, Germany). The temperature was measured with fluoroscopic sensors (Luxtron, Santa Barbara, CA, USA) at a distance of 0 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm from the catheter tip.ResultsA maximum temperature rise of 22.4°C at the catheter tip was documented in the MR scanner. This temperature rise is equivalent to the heating effect of an ablator's power output of 6 W at a contact force of the weight of 90 g (0.883 N). The catheter tip irrigation was able to limit the temperature rise to less than 2°C for the majority of examined power levels, and for all examined power levels the residual temperature rise was less than 8°C.ConclusionUp to a maximum of 22.4°C, the temperature rise at the tissue surface can be entirely suppressed by using the catheter's own irrigation system. The irrigated tip system can be used to increase MR safety of EP catheters by suppressing the effects of unwanted passive catheter heating due to RF exposure from the MR scanner.

Project description:Spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) applies patterned near-infrared illumination to quantify the optical properties of subsurface tissue. The periocular region is unique due to its complex ocular adnexal anatomy. Although SFDI has been successfully applied to relatively flat in vivo tissues, regions that have significant height variations and curvature may result in optical property inaccuracies. We characterize the geometric impact of the periocular region on SFDI imaging reliability. SFDI was employed to measure the reduced scattering coefficient ( μs' ) and absorption coefficient ( μa ) of the periocular region in a cast facial tissue-simulating phantom by capturing images along regions of interest (ROIs): inferior temporal quadrant (ITQ), inferior nasal quadrant (INQ), superior temporal quadrant (STQ), central eyelid margin (CEM), rostral lateral nasal bridge (RLNB), and forehead (FH). The phantom was placed on a chin rest and imaged nine times from an "en face" or "side profile" position, and the flat back of the phantom was measured 15 times. The measured μa and μs' of a cast facial phantom are accurate when comparing the ITQ, INQ, STQ, and FH to its flat posterior surface. Paired t tests of ITQ, INQ, STQ, and FH μa and μs' concluded that there is not enough evidence to suggest that imaging orientation impacted the measurement accuracy. Regions of extreme topographical variation, i.e., CEM and RLNB, did exhibit differences in measured optical properties. We are the first to evaluate the geometric implications of wide-field imaging along the periocular region using a solid tissue-simulating facial phantom. Results suggest that the ITQ, INQ, STQ, and FH of a generalized face have minimal impact on the SFDI measurement accuracy. Areas with heightened topographic variation exhibit measurement variability. Device and facial positioning do not appear to bias measurements. These findings confirm the need to carefully select ROIs when measuring optical properties along the periocular region.

Dataset Information

Introduction of a CMR-conditional cardiac phantom simulating cardiac anatomy and function and enabling training of interventional CMR procedures.

Publications

Introduction of a CMR-conditional cardiac phantom simulating cardiac anatomy and function and enabling training of interventional CMR procedures.

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