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Steroid profile of porcine follicular fluid and blood serum: Relation with follicular development.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to identify follicular fluid (FF) steroids which reflect follicular development in the early stages of the follicular phase and to establish whether the levels of these FF steroids correspond to their levels in serum. If these relations are established, serum steroid profiles may be used to monitor follicular development already in this early stage of the follicular phase. We used samples of two experiments, one with multiparous sows at the onset of the follicular phase (weaning) and one with primiparous sows at the midfollicular phase (48 hr after weaning). Complete steroid profiles were measured in pooled FF of the 15 largest follicles and serum using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In experiment 1, pooled FF volume, as a measure for average follicle size, tended to be positively related to higher FF 17?-estradiol levels (? = 0.56, p = .08). In experiment 2, a larger FF volume was related not only to FF higher 17?-estradiol levels (? = 2.11, p < .001) but also to higher levels of ?-nortestosterone (? = 1.15, p < .0001) and its metabolite 19-norandrostenedione (? = 1.27, p < .01). In addition, FF volume was related to higher FF 17?-OH-pregnenolone (? = 1.63, p = .03) and 17?-OH-progesterone (? = 1.83, p < .001), which could indicate that CYP17,20-lyase activity is limiting for 17?-estradiol production in larger follicles at the beginning of the follicular phase. In serum, most of the steroids were present at lower levels compared to FF, except for the corticosteroids. Serum progestins and androgens were never related to follicle pool volume and steroid levels did not differ in the midfollicular phase compared to the onset of the follicular phase in the second experiment. Serum steroid levels therefore poorly reflect the developmental stage of the follicle pool in the first half of the follicular phase of the estrous cycle in sows.

SUBMITTER: Costermans NGJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6934872 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Steroid profile of porcine follicular fluid and blood serum: Relation with follicular development.

Costermans Natasja G J NGJ Soede Nicoline M NM Blokland Marco M van Tricht Frederike F Keijer Jaap J Kemp Bas B Teerds Katja J KJ

Physiological reports 20191201 24

The aim of this study was to identify follicular fluid (FF) steroids which reflect follicular development in the early stages of the follicular phase and to establish whether the levels of these FF steroids correspond to their levels in serum. If these relations are established, serum steroid profiles may be used to monitor follicular development already in this early stage of the follicular phase. We used samples of two experiments, one with multiparous sows at the onset of the follicular phase ...[more]

PMID: 31883224

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Project description:IntroductionIn female athletes, the interpretation of doping tests is complex due to hormonal variations during the menstrual cycle and hormonal contraceptive use, both influencing the urinary steroid profile. Exercise is suggested to affect circulating steroid hormone levels, and in women, the urinary steroid profile differs between in competition testing and out of competition testing. No previous study has investigated the relationship between amount of exercise and the urinary steroid profile in female elite athletes.PurposeTo compare the urinary steroid profile between female Olympic athletes and age- and BMI-matched untrained controls, and to study the urinary steroid profile in relation to serum hormones and amount of exercise.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study conducted at the Women's Health Research Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 94 female elite athletes and 86 untrained controls were included. Serum estrogens and testosterone and the urinary steroid profile were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. Exercise hours/week were evaluated by questionnaire.ResultsAlthough serum steroid hormones were comparable between groups, the athletes demonstrated approximately 30% lower urinary steroid metabolites of testosterone, epitestosterone, androsterone, etiocholanolone, 5α-androstan-3α, 17β-diol, and 5β-androstan-3α, 17β-diol compared to the controls. The urinary steroid metabolites correlated positively with serum steroid hormones. In the athletes, urinary steroid metabolites: androsterone (r s = -0.28, p = 0.007), epitestosterone (r s = -0.22, p = 0.034), 5αAdiol (r s = -0.31, p = 0.002) and testosterone (r s = -0.24, p = 0.026), were negatively correlated with amount of training (hours per week).ConclusionThe urinary concentrations of steroid metabolites were lower in elite athletes than in sedentary controls, although serum steroids were comparable between groups. Moreover, exercise time was negatively associated with the urinary concentrations. Our findings suggest alternative excretion routes of androgens in the athletes related to training.

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Steroid profile of porcine follicular fluid and blood serum: Relation with follicular development.

Publications

Steroid profile of porcine follicular fluid and blood serum: Relation with follicular development.

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