Dataset Information

Markers of CNS Injury in Adults Living With HIV With CSF HIV Not Detected vs Detected <20 Copies/mL.

ABSTRACT: The presence of quantifiable HIV RNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during antiretroviral therapy (ART) can associate with central nervous system (CNS) pathology, but the significance of RNA detected below the limit of quantification (LOQ) on a standard assay during ART remains unknown. We compared CNS parameters between individuals with CSF RNA detected below the LOQ (20 copies/mL) with those with HIV RNA not detected. Detection of CSF HIV RNA associated with decreased blood-brain barrier integrity and with decreased executive function, but not with CNS immune activation or poorer performance in overall neuropsychological testing.

SUBMITTER: Farhadian SF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6934883 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Markers of CNS Injury in Adults Living With HIV With CSF HIV Not Detected vs Detected <20 Copies/mL.

Farhadian Shelli F SF Mistry Hetal H Kirchwey Tobias T Chiarella Jennifer J Calvi Rachela R Chintanaphol Michelle M Patel Payal P Landry Marie L ML Robertson Kevin K Spudich Serena S SS

Open forum infectious diseases 20191214 12

The presence of quantifiable HIV RNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during antiretroviral therapy (ART) can associate with central nervous system (CNS) pathology, but the significance of RNA detected below the limit of quantification (LOQ) on a standard assay during ART remains unknown. We compared CNS parameters between individuals with CSF RNA detected below the LOQ (20 copies/mL) with those with HIV RNA not detected. Detection of CSF HIV RNA associated with decreased blood-brain barrier integri ...[more]

PMID: 31893212

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Project description:BACKGROUND:While numerous epidemiologic studies have found an association between higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and lower breast cancer risk, few have assessed this association for concentrations >40 ng/ml. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship between 25(OH)D concentration and breast cancer risk across a broad range of 25(OH)D concentrations among women aged 55 years and older. METHODS:Analyses used pooled data from two randomized clinical trials (N = 1129, N = 2196) and a prospective cohort (N = 1713) to examine a broad range of 25(OH)D concentrations. The outcome was diagnosis of breast cancer during the observation periods (median: 4.0 years). Three analyses were conducted: 1) Incidence rates were compared according to 25(OH)D concentration from <20 to ?60 ng/ml (<50 to ?150 nmol/L), 2) Kaplan-Meier plots were developed and 3) multivariate Cox regression was used to examine the association between 25(OH)D and breast cancer risk using multiple 25(OH)D measurements. RESULTS:Within the pooled cohort (N = 5038), 77 women were diagnosed with breast cancer (age-adjusted incidence: 512 cases per 100,000 person-years). Results were similar for the three analyses. First, comparing incidence rates, there was an 82% lower incidence rate of breast cancer for women with 25(OH)D concentrations ?60 vs <20 ng/ml (Rate Ratio = 0.18, P = 0.006). Second, Kaplan-Meier curves for concentrations of <20, 20-39, 40-59 and ?60 ng/ml were significantly different (P = 0.02), with the highest proportion breast cancer-free in the ?60 ng/ml group (99.3%) and the lowest proportion breast cancer-free in the <20 ng/ml group (96.8%). The proportion with breast cancer was 78% lower for ?60 vs <20 ng/ml (P = 0.02). Third, multivariate Cox regression revealed that women with 25(OH)D concentrations ?60 ng/ml had an 80% lower risk of breast cancer than women with concentrations <20 ng/ml (HR = 0.20, P = 0.03), adjusting for age, BMI, smoking status, calcium supplement intake, and study of origin. CONCLUSIONS:Higher 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with a dose-response decrease in breast cancer risk with concentrations ?60 ng/ml being most protective.

Dataset Information

Markers of CNS Injury in Adults Living With HIV With CSF HIV Not Detected vs Detected <20 Copies/mL.

Publications

Markers of CNS Injury in Adults Living With HIV With CSF HIV Not Detected vs Detected <20 Copies/mL.

Similar Datasets

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