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Longitudinal association of changes in diet with changes in body weight and waist circumference in subjects at high cardiovascular risk: the PREDIMED trial.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Consumption of certain foods is associated with long-term weight gains and abdominal fat accumulation in healthy, middle-aged and young, non-obese participants. Whether the same foods might be associated with changes in adiposity in elderly population at high cardiovascular risk is less known. OBJECTIVE:Using yearly repeated measurements of both food habits and adiposity parameters, we aimed to investigate how changes in the consumption of specific foods were associated with concurrent changes in weight or waist circumference (WC) in the PREDIMED trial. DESIGN:We followed-up 7009 participants aged 55-70?years at high cardiovascular risk for a median time of 4.8?years. A validated 137-item semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire was used for dietary assessment with yearly repeated measurements. We longitudinally assessed associations between yearly changes in food consumption (serving/d) and concurrent changes in weight (kg) or WC (cm). RESULTS:Yearly increments in weight were observed with increased consumption (kg per each additional increase in 1 serving/d) for refined grains (0.32?kg/serving/d), red meat (0.24), potatoes (0.23), alcoholic beverages (0.18), processed meat (0.15), white bread (0.07) and sweets (0.04); whereas inverse associations were detected for increased consumption of low-fat yogurt (-?0.18), and low-fat milk (-?0.06). Annual WC gain (cm per each additional increase in 1 serving/d) occurred with increased consumption of snacks, fast-foods and pre-prepared dishes (0.28), processed meat (0.18), alcoholic beverages (0.13), and sweets (0.08); whereas increased consumption of vegetables (-?0.23), and nuts (-?0.17), were associated with reductions in WC. CONCLUSIONS:In this assessment conducted in high-risk subjects using yearly repeated measurements of food habits and adiposity, some ultra-processed foods, refined carbohydrates (including white bread), potatoes, red meats and alcohol were associated with higher weight and WC gain, whereas increases in consumption of low-fat dairy products and plant foods were associated with less gain in weight and WC. TRIAL REGISTRATION:This study was registered at controlled-trials.com with International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 35739639. Registration date: 5 October 2005.

SUBMITTER: Konieczna J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6935084 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Longitudinal association of changes in diet with changes in body weight and waist circumference in subjects at high cardiovascular risk: the PREDIMED trial.

Konieczna Jadwiga J Romaguera Dora D Pereira Veronica V Fiol Miguel M Razquin Cristina C Estruch Ramón R Asensio Eva M EM Babio Nancy N Fitó Montserrat M Gómez-Gracia Enrique E Ros Emilio E Lapetra José J Arós Fernando F Serra-Majem Lluís L Pintó Xavier X Toledo Estefanía E Sorlí José V JV Bulló Monica M Schröder Helmut H Martínez-González Miguel A MA

The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity 20191227 1

<h4>Background</h4>Consumption of certain foods is associated with long-term weight gains and abdominal fat accumulation in healthy, middle-aged and young, non-obese participants. Whether the same foods might be associated with changes in adiposity in elderly population at high cardiovascular risk is less known.<h4>Objective</h4>Using yearly repeated measurements of both food habits and adiposity parameters, we aimed to investigate how changes in the consumption of specific foods were associated ...[more]

PMID: 31882021

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Project description:BackgroundThe association of changes in waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI) with subsequent risk of multimorbidity remains unclear among older Chinese adults. Therefore, we aimed to assess this association by utilizing data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS).MethodsOur study was based on the 2011/2012 wave of the CLHLS whose follow-up surveys were conducted in 2014 and 2017/2018. A total of 2900 participants aged 65 and above at baseline were enrolled. WC, WHtR, and WWI were calculated from measured height, weight, and waist circumference. Multimorbidity refers to the coexistence of two or more of 18 chronic diseases. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) to evaluate the effect of three-year changes in WC, WHtR, and WWI on the risk of multimorbidity.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up time of 4.2 (2.0) years, 906 multimorbidity cases were identified. Compared to participants in the persistently low WC group, those in the WC gain group and the persistently high WC group had a higher multimorbidity risk with adjusted HRs (95%CI) of 1.23 (1.01-1.50) and 1.34(1.14-1.58), respectively. Participants in the WHtR gain group and the persistently high WHtR group also had higher risks of multimorbidity with HRs (95%CI) of 1.35 (1.08-1.67) and 1.27 (1.05-1.53), respectively, relative to the persistently low WHtR group. Compared to the persistently low WWI group, those in the WWI loss group had a lower risk of multimorbidity with HRs (95%CI) of 0.80 (0.66-0.98). For every standard deviation increase in WC, WHtR, and WWI over three years, the risk of multimorbidity was higher by 12% (95%CI: 1.05-1.19), 13% (95%CI: 1.06-1.20), and 12% (95%CI: 1.05-1.20), respectively.ConclusionsAssociations of changes in WC, WHtR and WWI with multimorbidity are significant among older Chinese adults. The findings highlight the importance of evaluating changes in WC, WHtR, and WWI in screening and prevention of multimorbidity in older adults.

Project description:BackgroundStudies have suggested a link between alcohol intake and adiposity. However, results from longitudinal studies have been inconsistent, and a possible interaction with genetic predisposition to adiposity measures has often not been taken into account.ObjectiveTo examine the association between alcohol intake recorded at baseline and subsequent annual changes in body weight (∆BW), waist circumference (ΔWC) and WC adjusted for BMI (ΔWCBMI), and to test for interaction with genetic predisposition scores based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with various forms of adiposity.MethodThis study included a total of 7028 adult men and women from MONICA, the Diet, Cancer and Health cohort (DCH), and the Inter99 studies. We combined 50 adiposity-associated SNPs into four scores indicating genetic predisposition to BMI, WC, WHRBMI and all three traits combined. Linear regression was used to examine the association of alcohol intake (drinks of 12 g (g) alcohol/day) with ΔBW, ΔWC, and ΔWCBMI, and to examine possible interactions with SNP-scores. Results from the analyses of the individual cohorts were combined in meta-analyses.ResultsEach additional drink/day was associated with a ΔBW/year of -18.0 g (95% confidence interval (CI): -33.4, -2.6, P = 0.02) and a ΔWC of -0.3 mm/year (-0.5, -0.0, P = 0.03). In analyses of women only, alcohol intake was associated with a higher ΔWCBMI of 0.5 mm/year (0.2, 0.9, P = 0.002) per drink/day. Overall, we found no statistically significant interactions between the four SNP-scores and alcohol intake in relation to changes in adiposity measures. However in analyses of women separately, we found interaction between the complete score of all 50 SNPs and alcohol intake in relation to ΔBW (P for interaction = 0.03). No significant interaction was observed among the men.ConclusionAlcohol intake was associated with a decrease in BW and WC among men and women, and an increase in WCBMI among women only. We found no strong indication that these associations depend on a genetic predisposition to adiposity.Trial registrationRegistry: ClinicalTrials.gov Trial number: CT00289237 , Registered: 19 September 2005 retrospectively registered.

Dataset Information

Longitudinal association of changes in diet with changes in body weight and waist circumference in subjects at high cardiovascular risk: the PREDIMED trial.

Publications

Longitudinal association of changes in diet with changes in body weight and waist circumference in subjects at high cardiovascular risk: the PREDIMED trial.

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