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Harvest Age Effect on Phytochemical Content of White and Black Glutinous Rice Cultivars.

ABSTRACT: Many studies have been conducted on the bioactive compounds of rice seeds, however, there is limited information on the bioactive compounds of rice sprouts. This study focused on the age effect on the phytochemical content of white and black glutinous rice sprouts harvested between 5 and 25 days old. We assessed yield, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total anthocyanin content, total chlorophyll content, and proximate analysis. HPLC results identified protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, and rutin in the sprouts of both cultivars, ranging between 0.56-1.58, 0.65-7.69, and 0.47-1.68 mg/g extract, respectively. The amount of bioactive compounds and proximate compositions in black glutinous rice were generally higher than white glutinous rice in an age-dependent manner (p < 0.05). At 5-7 days, black glutinous rice contained the highest total anthocyanin content, while white glutinous rice contained the highest total phenolic content and total flavonoid content (p < 0.05). High total chlorophyll content was initially detected in white glutinous rice at a younger age than black glutinous rice (p < 0.05), while total chlorophyll content in both cultivars was not significantly different. Our study confirms the presence of phytoconstituents in the rice sprouts of white and black glutinous rice and their potential as functional foods and for being further development as natural health products.

SUBMITTER: Tamprasit K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6943599 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Harvest Age Effect on Phytochemical Content of White and Black Glutinous Rice Cultivars.

Tamprasit Kawintra K Weerapreeyakul Natthida N Sutthanut Khaetthareeya K Thukhammee Wipawee W Wattanathorn Jintanaporn J

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 20191204 24

Many studies have been conducted on the bioactive compounds of rice seeds, however, there is limited information on the bioactive compounds of rice sprouts. This study focused on the age effect on the phytochemical content of white and black glutinous rice sprouts harvested between 5 and 25 days old. We assessed yield, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total anthocyanin content, total chlorophyll content, and proximate analysis. HPLC results identified protocatechuic acid, vanilli ...[more]

PMID: 31817117

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Project description:Somatic variants spontaneously appear during the vegetative multiplication of woody crops. The new white-berried grapevine cultivar Tempranillo Blanco (TB) originally appeared as a bud sport of the black skin-berried Tempranillo Tinto (TT) cultivar. To understand the origin of this variation, TT and TB genomes were sequenced. Structural variation and genetic segregation analyses uncovered that complex chromosome rearrangements consistent with chromothripsis, a catastrophic phenomenon recently described in human cancer, generated the variant genome of TB and the deletion of the color locus functional allele. Loss of heterozygosity and decreased copy number delimited alternating monosomic and disomic fragments in the distal arms of TB’s linkage groups 2 and 5. Hemizygous fragments collectively extended over 8.1 Mb and comprised 313 annotated genes. Clustered breakpoints for complex chromosome rearrangements disrupting linkage groups 2 and 5 were identified and junctions involved unbalanced inter- and intra-chromosome translocations and one unbalanced inversion. Signatures of blunt fusions or microhomology-mediated end joining mechanisms were detected at breakpoint junction flanks. Segregation distortion in TB-derived selfed progeny indicated linkage of rearrangements in a single copy of the affected chromosomes that was barely transmitted. Additionally to berry color loss, these dramatic changes have further viticultural consequences in TB associated to a decreased sexual fitness. Our findings show that chromothripsis spontaneously arise during mitotic multiplication of grapevine, evidencing that this phenomenon could contribute to clonal variation in woody crops and to the evolution of plant genomes. Grapevine GrapeGen GeneChips(R) were used for partial comparative genome hybridization between black-berried cultivars and their respective white-berried somatic variants. Differences in copy number were used to estimate chromosome deletions associated to the loss of berry color.

Dataset Information

Harvest Age Effect on Phytochemical Content of White and Black Glutinous Rice Cultivars.

Publications

Harvest Age Effect on Phytochemical Content of White and Black Glutinous Rice Cultivars.

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