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Comparative Analysis of the Transcriptome of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adult (LADA) Patients from Eastern China.

ABSTRACT: Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is characterized as a slow-progressing form of autoimmune diabetes. LADA resembles some phenotypes of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), frequently leading to misdiagnosis and inappropriate therapeutic strategies. Understanding its transcriptome profiles aids in revealing the detailed molecular mechanisms of LADA and its therapy. In the present study, we performed RNA-seq analysis of LADA patients from Eastern China and showed that LADA exhibited 277 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with 199 upregulated and 78 downregulated. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs were mainly related to immune function and cell death and growth. Furthermore, a comparison of DEGs in LADA with those in T1D and T2D identified from the online databases showed that there are very few overlapped genes between LADA and T1D or T2D, confirming LADA to be a distinct type of diabetes from T1D or T2D. In summary, our comprehensive analysis may aid in the understanding and treatment of LADA patients in Eastern China.

SUBMITTER: Ji Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6948325 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comparative Analysis of the Transcriptome of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adult (LADA) Patients from Eastern China.

Ji Yuqiao Y Jiang Dongmei D Liu Jian J Chen Xiaolong X Xia Tian T Yin Zhujun Z Li Lei L Jin Hao H Chen Hongmei H Sun Mingzhong M

Journal of diabetes research 20191214

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is characterized as a slow-progressing form of autoimmune diabetes. LADA resembles some phenotypes of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), frequently leading to misdiagnosis and inappropriate therapeutic strategies. Understanding its transcriptome profiles aids in revealing the detailed molecular mechanisms of LADA and its therapy. In the present study, we performed RNA-seq analysis of LADA patients from Eastern China and showed that LADA e ...[more]

PMID: 31950067

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Project description:BackgroundThe Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) is a slowly progressive Type 1 diabetes subgroup with onset during middle age. Studies report that about 10% of adults initially diagnosed with clinical Type 2 diabetes (T2D) have LADA. Inappropriate diagnosis and mismanagement of the LADA can increase the risk of diabetic complications, which affect the quality of life and is the cause of increased mortality. In low-income countries setting, data regarding the magnitude of LADA is limited. We carried out this study to estimate the burden of misdiagnosed LADA among T2D patients in selected health facilities in Dar es Salaam and to bring awareness to the use of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibody in screening for LADA.MethodologyWe enrolled 186 phenotypically T2D patients in this cross-sectional study, through a standardized data collection tool we obtained participants' demographic and clinical information. For testing GAD levels, we used a double-antibody Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The Fisher's Exact and student t-tests were used to test the significance of the statistical associations of the glycaemic control and diabetes complications between T2D and LADA.ResultsOut of 186 patients, 156 gave conclusive GAD Ab ELISA reading with LADA accounting for 5.1% (95% CI: 2.5 - 10.0). The mean age of subjects was 54.3 years (Range: 33-85 years). The parameters such as mean age, family history of diabetes mellitus status, Fasting Blood Glucose, clinical characteristics, and complications did not show significant statistical differences between patients with LADA and Type 2 diabetes. However, all LADA- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) comorbid patients had retinopathy, which was statistically insignificant in 20 (87%) T2D-HIV comorbid patients (p = 0.669). Neither neuropathy, nephropathy, nor Diabetic Mellitus (D.M.) foot syndrome was observed among LADA-HIV comorbid patients. Nevertheless, 22 (95.7%), 3 (13%), and 2 (8.7%) of T2D-HIV comorbidity had neuropathy, nephropathy, or D.M. foot syndrome, respectively.ConclusionsThe study established a LADA prevalence of 5.1% among T2D patients and has shown the role of GAD autoantibody in the screening for LADA. The study calls for a well- designed larger longitudinal study to generate strong evidence on the association of risk factors and complications associated with the LADA. This will develop robust evidence on the association of risk factors and complications associated with the LADA and T2D.

Dataset Information

Comparative Analysis of the Transcriptome of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adult (LADA) Patients from Eastern China.

Publications

Comparative Analysis of the Transcriptome of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adult (LADA) Patients from Eastern China.

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