Dataset Information

Health impact of exposure to asbestos in polluted area of Southern Italy.

ABSTRACT: The three main sources of asbestos pollution in the city of Bari, Puglia, the former Fibronit asbestos factory, the Torre Quetta beach, the former Rossani barracks and the history of their reclamation are described. The results of cohort studies on factory workers and case-control studies on asbestos exposure to the resident population and the onset of mesothelioma are also reported. Finally, the data of the regional register of mesothelioma related to residents in the city of Bari and four new cases with environmental exposure due to the former Rossani barracks are presented.

SUBMITTER: Vimercati L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6953442 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Health impact of exposure to asbestos in polluted area of Southern Italy.

Vimercati L L Cavone D D Mansi F F Cannone E S S ESS DE Maria L L Caputi A A Delfino M C MC Serio G G

Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene 20191220 4

The three main sources of asbestos pollution in the city of Bari, Puglia, the former Fibronit asbestos factory, the Torre Quetta beach, the former Rossani barracks and the history of their reclamation are described. The results of cohort studies on factory workers and case-control studies on asbestos exposure to the resident population and the onset of mesothelioma are also reported. Finally, the data of the regional register of mesothelioma related to residents in the city of Bari and four new ...[more]

PMID: 31967100

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Project description:BackgroundDespite the available information on cancer risk, asbestos is used in large areas in the world, mostly in the production of asbestos cement. Moreover, questions are raised regarding the shape of the dose response relation, the relation with time since exposure and the association with neoplasms in various organs. We conducted a study on the relationship between cumulative asbestos exposure and mortality from asbestos related diseases in a large Italian pool of 21 cohorts of asbestos-cement workers with protracted exposure to both chrysotile and amphibole asbestos.MethodsThe cohort included 13,076 workers, 81.9% men and 18.1% women, working in 21 Italian asbestos-cement factories, with over 40?years of observation. Exposure was estimated by plant and period, and weighted for the type of asbestos used. Data were analysed with consideration of cause of death, cumulative exposure and time since first exposure (TSFE), and by gender. SMRs were computed using reference rates by region, gender and calendar time. Poisson regression models including cubic splines were used to analyse the effect of cumulative exposure to asbestos and TSFE on mortality for asbestos-related diseases. 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were computed according to the Poisson distribution.ResultsMortality was significantly increased for 'All Causes' and 'All Malignant Neoplasm (MN)', in both genders. Considering asbestos related diseases (ARDs), statistically significant excesses were observed for MN of peritoneum (SMR: men 14.19; women 15.14), pleura (SMR: 22.35 and 48.10), lung (SMR: 1.67 and 1.67), ovary (in the highest exposure class SMR 2.45), and asbestosis (SMR: 507 and 1023). Mortality for ARDs, in particular pleural and peritoneal malignancies, lung cancer, ovarian cancer and asbestosis increased monotonically with cumulative exposure. Pleural MN mortality increased progressively in the first 40?years of TSFE, then reached a plateau, while peritoneal MN showed a continuous increase. The trend of lung cancer SMRs also showed a flattening after 40?years of TSFE. Attributable proportions for pleural, peritoneal, and lung MN were respectively 96, 93 and 40%.ConclusionsMortality for ARDs was associated with cumulative exposure to asbestos. Risk of death from pleural MN did not increase indefinitely with TSFE but eventually reached a plateau, consistently with reports from other recent studies.

Project description:BackgroundDue to the complex interplay among different urban-related exposures, a comprehensive approach is advisable to estimate the health effects. We simultaneously assessed the effect of "green", "grey" and air pollution exposure on respiratory/allergic conditions and general symptoms in schoolchildren.MethodsThis study involved 219 schoolchildren (8-10?years) of the Municipality of Palermo, Italy. Data were collected through questionnaires self-administered by parents and children. Exposures to greenness and greyness at the home addresses were measured using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), residential surrounding greyness (RSG) and the CORINE land-cover classes (CLC). RSG was defined as the percentage of buffer covered by either industrial, commercial and transport units, or dump and construction sites, or urban fabric related features. Two specific categories of CLC, namely "discontinuous urban fabric - DUF" - and "continuous urban fabric - CUF" - areas were found. Exposure to traffic-related nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was assessed using a Land-Use Regression model. A symptom score ranging from 0 to 22 was built by summing affirmative answers to twenty-two questions on symptoms. To avoid multicollinearity, multiple Logistic and Poisson ridge regression models were applied to assess the relationships between environmental factors and self-reported symptoms.ResultsA very low exposure to NDVI ?0.15 (1st quartile) had a higher odds of nasal symptoms (OR?=?1.47, 95% CI [1.07-2.03]). Children living in CUF areas had higher odds of ocular symptoms (OR?=?1.49, 95% CI [1.10-2.03]) and general symptoms (OR?=?1.18, 95% CI [1.00-1.48]) than children living in DUF areas. Children living in proximity (?200?m) to High Traffic Roads (HTRs) had increased odds of ocular (OR?=?1.68, 95% CI [1.31-2.17]) and nasal symptoms (OR?=?1.49, 95% CI [1.12-1.98]). A very high exposure to NO2 ??60??g/m3 (4th quartile) was associated with a higher odds of general symptoms (OR?=?1.28, 95% CI [1.10-1.48]). No associations were found with RGS. A Poisson ridge regression model on the symptom score showed that children living in proximity to HTRs (?200?m) had a higher symptoms score (RR?=?1.09, 95% CI [1.02-1.17]) than children living >?200?m from HTRs. Children living in CUF areas had a higher symptoms score (RR?=?1.11, 95% CI [1.03-1.19]) than children living in DUF areas.ConclusionsMultiple exposures related to greenness, greyness (measured by CORINE) and air pollution within the urban environment are associated with respiratory/allergic and general symptoms in schoolchildren. No associations were found when considering the individual exposure to greyness measured using the RSG indicator.

Dataset Information

Health impact of exposure to asbestos in polluted area of Southern Italy.

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Health impact of exposure to asbestos in polluted area of Southern Italy.

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