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Discovery of potent and selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors through the use of pharmacophore-based screening.

ABSTRACT: Cholinesterase inhibitors have long been used in the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) via the protection of acetylcholine levels. However, recent research has shown that the specific inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) could better ameliorate symptoms within patients. In addition, it has recently been shown that selective inhibition of BChE can also significantly attenuate the toxicity and physiological effects of heroin. Currently, there are no specific and potent inhibitors of BChE approved for use in AD or heroin abuse. Through a combined use of in silico and in vitro screening, we have found three compounds with sub-50?nM IC50 values that specifically target BChE. These newly discovered BChE inhibitors can act as the lead scaffolds for future development of the desirably potent and selective BChE inhibitors.

SUBMITTER: Williams A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6953623 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Discovery of potent and selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors through the use of pharmacophore-based screening.

Williams Alexander A Zhou Shuo S Zhan Chang-Guo CG

Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 20191028 24

Cholinesterase inhibitors have long been used in the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) via the protection of acetylcholine levels. However, recent research has shown that the specific inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) could better ameliorate symptoms within patients. In addition, it has recently been shown that selective inhibition of BChE can also significantly attenuate the toxicity and physiological effects of heroin. Currently, there are no specific and potent inhibitors of BChE ...[more]

PMID: 31708262

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Project description:AimTo identify the critical chemical features, with reliable geometric constraints, that contributes to the inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) function.MethodsLigand-based pharmacophore modeling was used to identify the critical chemical features of BChE inhibitors. The generated pharmacophore model was validated using various techniques, such as Fischer's randomization method, test set, and decoy set. The best pharmacophore model was used as a query in virtual screening to identify novel scaffolds that inhibit BChE. Compounds selected by the best hypothesis in the virtual screening were tested for drug-like properties, and molecular docking study was applied to determine the optimal orientation of the hit compounds in the BChE active site. To find the reactivity of the hit compounds, frontier orbital analysis was carried out using density functional theory.ResultsBased on its correlation coefficient (0.96), root mean square (RMS) deviation (1.01), and total cost (105.72), the quantitative hypothesis Hypo1 consisting of 2 HBA, 1 Hy-Ali, and 1 Hy-Ar was selected as the best hypothesis. Thus, Hypo1 was used as a 3D query in virtual screening of the Maybridge and Chembridge databases. The hit compounds were filtered using ADMET, Lipinski's Rule of Five, and molecular docking to reduce the number of false positive results. Finally, 33 compounds were selected based on their critical interactions with the significant amino acids in BChE's active site. To confirm the inhibitors' potencies, the orbital energies, such as HOMO and LUMO, of the hit compounds and 7 training set compounds were calculated. Among the 33 hit compounds, 10 compounds with the highest HOMO values were selected, and this set was further culled to 5 compounds based on their energy gaps important for stability and energy transfer. From the overall results, 5 hit compounds were confirmed to be potential BChE inhibitors that satisfied all the pharmacophoric features in Hypo1.ConclusionThis study pinpoints important chemical features with geometric constraints that contribute to the inhibition of BChE activity. Five compounds are selected as the best hit BchE-inhibitory compounds.

Dataset Information

Discovery of potent and selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors through the use of pharmacophore-based screening.

Publications

Discovery of potent and selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors through the use of pharmacophore-based screening.

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