Dataset Information

Transmissibility of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis in small-scale outbreaks in Hunan Province, China.

ABSTRACT: Acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) outbreaks are reported frequently in China. However, the transmissibility of AHC remains unclear. This study aimed to calculate the transmissibility of the disease with and without interventions. An AHC outbreak dataset from January 2007 to December 2016 in different schools was built in Hunan Province. A Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered (SIR) model was adopted to calculate the effective reproduction number (R_eff) of AHC. R_eff was divided into two parts (R_unc and R_con) where R_unc and R_con represent the uncontrolled and controlled R_eff?, respectively. Based on R_unc and R_con, an index of effectiveness of countermeasures (I_eff) was developed to assess the effectiveness of countermeasures in each outbreak. During the study period, 34 AHC outbreaks were reported in 20 counties of 9 cities in Hunan Province, with a mean total attack rate of 7.04% (95% CI: 4.97-9.11%). The mean R_unc of AHC outbreaks was 8.28 (95% CI: 6.46-10.11). No significance of R_unc was observed between rural and urban areas (t?=?-1.296, P?=?0.205), among college, secondary, and primary schools (F?=?0.890, P?=?0.459), different levels of school population (F?=?0.738, P?=?0.538), and different number of index cases (F?=?1.749, P?=?0.180). The most commonly implemented countermeasures were case isolation, treatment, and health education, followed by environment disinfection, symptom surveillance, and school closure. Social distance, prophylaxis, and stopping eye exercises temporary were implemented occasionally. The mean value of R_con was 0.16 (range: 0.00-1.50). The mean value of I_eff was 97.16% (range: 71.44-100.00%). The transmissibility of AHC is high in small-scale outbreaks in China. Case isolation, treatment, and health education are the common countermeasures for controlling the disease.

SUBMITTER: Zhang S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6954223 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Transmissibility of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis in small-scale outbreaks in Hunan Province, China.

Zhang Siyu S Hu Qingqing Q Deng Zhihong Z Hu Shixiong S Liu Fuqiang F Yu Shanshan S Liu Ruoyun R He Chunlei C Li Hongye H Gao Lidong L Chen Tianmu T

Scientific reports 20200110 1

Acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) outbreaks are reported frequently in China. However, the transmissibility of AHC remains unclear. This study aimed to calculate the transmissibility of the disease with and without interventions. An AHC outbreak dataset from January 2007 to December 2016 in different schools was built in Hunan Province. A Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered (SIR) model was adopted to calculate the effective reproduction number (R<sub>eff</sub>) of AHC. R<sub>eff</sub> was div ...[more]

PMID: 31924848

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Project description:Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a bacterial pathogen worldwide. China has the third highest TB burden in the world, with a high reported burden in Hunan Province (amongst others). This study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution of TB and identify socioeconomic, demographic, and environmental drivers in Hunan Province, China. Numbers of reported cases of TB were obtained from the Tuberculosis Control Institute of Hunan Province, China. A wide range of covariates were collected from different sources, including from the Worldclim database, and the Hunan Bureau of Statistics. These variables were summarized at the county level and linked with TB notification data. Spatial clustering of TB was explored using Moran's I statistic and the Getis-Ord statistic. Poisson regression models were developed with a conditional autoregressive (CAR) prior structure, and with posterior parameters estimated using a Bayesian approach with Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation. A total of 323,340 TB cases were reported to the Hunan TB Control Institute from 2013 to 2018. The mean age of patients was 51.7 years (SD + 17.6 years). The majority of the patients were male (72.6%, n = 234,682) and had pulmonary TB (97.5%, n = 315,350). Of 319,825 TB patients with registered treatment outcomes, 306,107 (95.7%) patients had a successful treatment outcome. The annual incidence of TB decreased over time from 85.5 per 100,000 population in 2013 to 76.9 per 100,000 population in 2018. TB case numbers have shown seasonal variation, with the highest number of cases reported during the end of spring and the beginning of summer. Spatial clustering of TB incidence was observed at the county level, with hotspot areas detected in the west part of Hunan Province. The spatial clustering of TB incidence was significantly associated with low sunshine exposure (RR: 0.86; 95% CrI: 0.74, 0.96) and a low prevalence of contraceptive use (RR: 0.88; 95% CrI: 0.79, 0.98). Substantial spatial clustering and seasonality of TB incidence were observed in Hunan Province, with spatial patterns associated with environmental and health care factors. This research suggests that interventions could be more efficiently targeted at locations and times of the year with the highest transmission risk.

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Dataset Information

Transmissibility of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis in small-scale outbreaks in Hunan Province, China.

Publications

Transmissibility of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis in small-scale outbreaks in Hunan Province, China.

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