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Zoonotic transmission of Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus species in Guilan province, northern Iran: molecular and morphological characterizations.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Parasitic trichostrongyloid nematodes have a worldwide distribution in ruminants and frequently have been reported from humans in Middle and Far East, particularly in rural communities with poor personal hygiene and close cohabitation with herbivorous animals. Different species of the genus Trichostrongylus are the most common trichostrongyloids in humans in endemic areas. Also, Ostertagia species are gastrointestinal nematodes that mainly infect cattle, sheep and goats and in rare occasion humans. The aim of the present study was to identify the trichostrongyloid nematodes obtained from a familial infection in Guilan province, northern Iran, using morphological and molecular criteria. METHODS:After anthelmintic treatment, all fecal materials of the patients were collected up to 48?h and male adult worms were isolated. Morphological identification of the adult worms was performed using valid nematode keys. Genomic DNA was extracted from one male worm of each species. PCR amplification of ITS2-rDNA region was carried out, and products were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequence data was performed using MEGA 6.0 software. RESULTS:Adult worms expelled from the patients were identified as T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus and Teladorsagia circumcincta based on morphological characteristics of the males. Phylogenetic analysis illustrated that each species obtained in current study was placed together with reference sequences submitted to GenBank database. CONCLUSIONS:The finding of current study confirms the zoonotic aspect of Trichostrongylus species and T. circumcincta in inhabitants of Guilan province. The occurrence of natural human infection by T. circumcincta is reported for the first time in Iran and the second time in the world.

SUBMITTER: Ashrafi K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6954531 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Zoonotic transmission of Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus species in Guilan province, northern Iran: molecular and morphological characterizations.

Ashrafi Keyhan K Sharifdini Meysam M Heidari Zahra Z Rahmati Behnaz B Kia Eshrat Beigom EB

BMC infectious diseases 20200110 1

<h4>Background</h4>Parasitic trichostrongyloid nematodes have a worldwide distribution in ruminants and frequently have been reported from humans in Middle and Far East, particularly in rural communities with poor personal hygiene and close cohabitation with herbivorous animals. Different species of the genus Trichostrongylus are the most common trichostrongyloids in humans in endemic areas. Also, Ostertagia species are gastrointestinal nematodes that mainly infect cattle, sheep and goats and in ...[more]

PMID: 31924183

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Project description:BackgroundGastrointestinal nematode (GIN) control is traditionally achieved with the use of anthelmintic drugs, however due to regulations in organic farming and the rise in anthelmintic resistance, alternatives are sought after. A promising alternative is the use of bioactive plant feeding due to the presence of plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) such as proanthocyanidins (PAs). This study focussed on the perennial shrub heather (Ericaceae family), a plant rich in PAs, highly abundant across Europe and with previously demonstrated anthelmintic potential.MethodsIn vitro assays were used to investigate heather's anthelmintic efficacy against egg hatching and larval motility. Heather samples were collected from five European countries across two seasons, and extracts were tested against two GIN species: Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis. Polyphenol group-specific ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis was performed to identify relevant polyphenol subgroups present, including the PA concentration and size and ratio of the subunits. Partial least squares analysis was performed to associate efficacy with variation in PSM composition.ResultsHeather extracts reduced egg hatching of both GIN species in a dose-dependent manner by up to 100%, while three extracts at the highest concentration (10 mg/ml) reduced larval motility to levels that were not significantly different from dead larvae controls. PAs, particularly the procyanidin type, and flavonol derivatives were associated with anthelmintic activity, and the particular subgroup of polyphenols associated with the efficacy was dependent on the GIN species and life stage.ConclusionsOur results provide in vitro evidence that heather, a widely available plant often managed as a weed in grazing systems, has anthelmintic properties attributed to various groups of PSMs and could contribute to sustainable GIN control in ruminant production systems across Europe.

Dataset Information

Zoonotic transmission of Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus species in Guilan province, northern Iran: molecular and morphological characterizations.

Publications

Zoonotic transmission of Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus species in Guilan province, northern Iran: molecular and morphological characterizations.

Similar Datasets

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