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Proteomic analysis reflects an environmental alkalinization-coupled pH-dependent mechanism of regulating lignocellulases in Trichoderma guizhouense NJAU4742.

ABSTRACT: Background:Filamentous fungi have the ability to efficiently decompose plant biomass, and thus are widely used in the biofuel and bioprocess industries. In process, ambient pH has been reported to strongly affect the performance of the applied functional filamentous fungi. In this study, Trichoderma guizhouense NJAU4742 was investigated under the fermentation of rice straw at different initial pH values for a detailed study. Results:The results showed that NJAU4742 strain could tolerate ambient pH values ranging from 3.0 to 9.0, but had significantly higher growth speed and extracellular enzyme activities under acidic conditions. At low ambient pH (

SUBMITTER: Miao Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6954547 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Proteomic analysis reflects an environmental alkalinization-coupled pH-dependent mechanism of regulating lignocellulases in <i>Trichoderma guizhouense</i> NJAU4742.

Miao Youzhi Y Chen Xing X Li Tuo T Zhu Han H Tang Siyu S Liu Dongyang D Shen Qirong Q

Biotechnology for biofuels 20200111

<h4>Background</h4>Filamentous fungi have the ability to efficiently decompose plant biomass, and thus are widely used in the biofuel and bioprocess industries. In process, ambient pH has been reported to strongly affect the performance of the applied functional filamentous fungi. In this study, <i>Trichoderma guizhouense</i> NJAU4742 was investigated under the fermentation of rice straw at different initial pH values for a detailed study.<h4>Results</h4>The results showed that NJAU4742 strain c ...[more]

PMID: 31938041

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Cysteine facilitates the lignocellulolytic response of Trichoderma guizhouense NJAU4742 by indirectly up-regulating membrane sugar transporters.

Project description:BackgroundFilamentous fungi possess a rich CAZymes system, which is widely studied and applied in the bio-conversion of plant biomass to alcohol chemicals. Carbon source acquisition is the fundamental driver for CAZymes-producing sustainability and secondary metabolism, therefore, a deeper insight into the regulatory network of sugar transport in filamentous fungi has become urgent.ResultsThis study reports an important linkage of sulfur assimilation to lignocellulose response of filamentous fungus. Inorganic sulfur addition facilitated biodegradation of rice straw by Trichoderma guizhouense NJAU4742. Cysteine and glutathione were revealed as major intracellular metabolites responsive to sulfur addition by metabolomics, cysteine content was increased in this process and glutathione increased correspondingly. Two membrane sugar transporter genes, Tgmst1 and Tgmst2, were identified as the critical response genes significantly up-regulated when intracellular cysteine increased. Tgmst1 and Tgmst2 were both positively regulated by the glucose regulation-related protein (GRP), up-regulation of both Tgmst1 and Tggrp can cause a significant increase in intracellular glucose. The transcriptional regulatory function of GRP mainly relied on GSH-induced glutathionylation, and the transcription activating efficiency was positively related to the glutathionylation level, furthermore, DTT-induced deglutathionylation resulted in the down-regulation of downstream genes.ConclusionsInorganic sulfur addition induces a rise in intracellular Cys content, and the conversion of cysteine to glutathione caused the increase of glutathionylation level of GRP, which in turn up-regulated Tgmst1 and Tgmst2. Subsequently, the sugar transport efficiency of single cells was improved, which facilitated the maintenance of vigorous CAZymes metabolism and the straw-to-biomass conversion.

| S-EPMC10612256 | biostudies-literature

Trichoderma guizhouense

Project description:Trichoderma guizhouense overview

| PRJNA861035 | ENA

Preemptive regulation of intracellular pH in hippocampal neurons by a dual mechanism of depolarization-induced alkalinization.

Project description:Numerous studies have documented the mechanisms that regulate intracellular pH (pH(i)) in hippocampal neurons in response to an acid load. Here, we studied the response of pH(i) to depolarization in cultured hippocampal neurons. Elevation of external K+ (6-30 mm) elicited an acid transient followed by a large net alkaline shift. Similar responses were observed in acutely dissociated hippocampal neurons. In Ca2+ -free media, the acid response was curtailed and the alkaline shift enhanced. DIDS blocked the alkaline response and revealed a prolonged underlying acidification that was highly dependent on Ca2+ entry. Similar alkaline responses could be elicited by AMPA, indicating that this rise in pH(i) was a depolarization-induced alkalinization (DIA). The DIA was found to consist of Cl- -dependent and Cl- -independent components, each accounting for approximately one-half of the peak amplitude. The Cl- -independent component was postulated to arise from operation of the electrogenic Na+ -HCO3- cotransporter NBCe1. Quantitative PCR and single-cell multiplex reverse transcription-PCR demonstrated message for NBCe1 in our hippocampal neurons. In neurons cultured from Slc4a4 knock-out (KO) mice, the DIA was reduced by approximately one-half compared with wild type, suggesting that NBCe1 was responsible for the Cl- -independent DIA. In Slc4a4 KO neurons, the remaining DIA was virtually abolished in Cl- -free media. These data demonstrate that DIA of hippocampal neurons occurs via NBCe1, and a parallel DIDS-sensitive, Cl- -dependent mechanism. Our results indicate that, by activating net acid extrusion in response to depolarization, hippocampal neurons can preempt a large, prolonged, Ca2+ -dependent acidosis.

| S-EPMC3135169 | biostudies-literature

Trichoderma guizhouense strain:NJAU 4742

Project description:Trichoderma guizhouense strain:NJAU 4742 Genome sequencing and assembly

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TgSWO from Trichoderma guizhouense NJAU4742 promotes growth in cucumber plants by modifying the root morphology and the cell wall architecture.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Colonization of Trichoderma spp. is essential for exerting their beneficial functions on the plant. However, the interactions between Trichoderma spp. and plant roots are still not completely understood. The aim of this study was to investigate how TgSWO affect Trichoderma guizhouense to establish themselves in the plant rhizosphere and promote plant growth. In this study, we deeply analyzed the molecular mechanism by which the functional characterization of the TgSWO by expressing different functional region deletion proteins (FRDP) of TgSWO. RESULTS:Root scanning analysis results showed that TgSWO could dramatically increase root density and promote growth. In addition, we also found that TgSWO could expand root cell walls, subsequently increase root colonization. Moreover, knockout of TgSWO mutants (KO) or overexpression of TgSWO mutants (OE) produced greatly reduced or increased the number of cucumber root, respectively. To clarify the molecular mechanism of TgSWO in plant-growth-promotion, we analyzed the ability of different FRDP to expand the root cell wall. The root cell wall architecture were considerably altered when treated by ?CBD protein (the TgSWO gene of lacking in the CBD domain was cloned and heterologously expressed), in correlation with the present YoaJ domain of TgSWO. In contrast, neither the expansion of cell walls nor the increase of roots was detectable in ?YoaJ protein. CONCLUSIONS:Our results emphasize the YoaJ domain is the most critical functional area of TgSWO during the alteration of cell wall architecture. Simultaneously, the results obtained in this study also indicate that TgSWO might play a plant-growth-promotion role in the Trichoderma-plant interactions by targeting the root cell wall.

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A Simple and Low-Cost Strategy to Improve Conidial Yield and Stress Resistance of Trichoderma guizhouense through Optimizing Illumination Conditions.

Project description:Light is perceived by photoreceptors in fungi and further integrated into the stress-activated MAPK HOG pathway, and thereby potentially activates the expression of genes for stress responses. This indicates that the precise control of light conditions can likely improve the conidial yield and stress resistance to guarantee the low cost and long shelf life of Trichoderma-based biocontrol agents and biofertilizers. In this study, effects of wavelengths and intensities of light on conidial yield and stress tolerance to osmotic, oxidative and pH stresses in Trichoderma guizhouense were investigated. We found that 2 μmol photons/(m2 × s) of blue light increased the conidial yield more than 1000 folds as compared to dark condition and simultaneously enhanced conidial stress resistance. The enhanced conidial stress resistance is probably due to the upregulated stress-related genes in blue light, which is under the control of the blue light receptor BLR1 and the MAP kinase HOG1.

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High-pH structure of EmrE reveals the mechanism of proton-coupled substrate transport.

Project description:The homo-dimeric bacterial membrane protein EmrE effluxes polyaromatic cationic substrates in a proton-coupled manner to cause multidrug resistance. We recently determined the structure of substrate-bound EmrE in phospholipid bilayers by measuring hundreds of protein-ligand HN-F distances for a fluorinated substrate, 4-fluoro-tetraphenylphosphonium (F4-TPP+), using solid-state NMR. This structure was solved at low pH where one of the two proton-binding Glu14 residues is protonated. Here, to understand how substrate transport depends on pH, we determine the structure of the EmrE-TPP complex at high pH, where both Glu14 residues are deprotonated. The high-pH complex exhibits an elongated and hydrated binding pocket in which the substrate is similarly exposed to the two sides of the membrane. In contrast, the low-pH complex asymmetrically exposes the substrate to one side of the membrane. These pH-dependent EmrE conformations provide detailed insights into the alternating-access model, and suggest that the high-pH conformation may facilitate proton binding in the presence of the substrate, thus accelerating the conformational change of EmrE to export the substrate.

| S-EPMC8857205 | biostudies-literature

Transcriptomic profiling of the yeast Komagataella phaffii in response to environmental alkalinization

Project description:Adaptation to alkalinization of the medium in fungi involves an extensive remodeling of gene expression. Komagataella phaffii is an ascomycetous yeast that has become an organism widely used for heterologous protein expression. We explore here the transcriptional impact of moderate alkalinization in this yeast. In spite of a minor effect on growth, shifting the cultures from pH 5.5 to 8.0 or 8.2 provokes significant changes in the mRNA levels of over 700 genes. Functional categories such as arginine and methionine biosynthesis, non-reductive iron uptake and phosphate metabolism are enriched in induced genes, whereas many genes encoding iron-sulfur proteins or members of the respirasome were repressed. We also show that alkalinization is accompanied by oxidative stress and we propose this circumstance as a common trigger of a subset of the observed changes. PHO89, encoding a Na+/Pi cotransporter, appears among the most potently induced genes by high pH. We demonstrate that this response is mainly based on two calcineurin-dependent response elements located in its promoter, thus indicating that alkalinization triggers a calcium-mediated signal in K. phaffii. Further characterization of alkaline pH responsive promoters may lead to developing novel pH-controlled systems for heterologous protein expression in this fungus.

2023-04-12 | GSE224427 | GEO

Regulating proton-coupled electron transfer for efficient water splitting by manganese oxides at neutral pH.

Project description:Manganese oxides have been extensively investigated as model systems for the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II. However, most bioinspired catalysts are inefficient at neutral pH and functional similarity to the oxygen-evolving complex has been rarely achieved with manganese. Here we report the regulation of proton-coupled electron transfer involved in water oxidation by manganese oxides. Pyridine and its derivatives, which have pKa values intermediate to the water ligand bound to manganese(II) and manganese(III), are used as proton-coupled electron transfer induction reagents. The induction of concerted proton-coupled electron transfer is demonstrated by the detection of deuterium kinetic isotope effects and compliance of the reactions with the libido rule. Although proton-coupled electron transfer regulation is essential for the facial redox change of manganese in photosystem II, most manganese oxides impair these regulatory mechanisms. Thus, the present findings may provide a new design rationale for functional analogues of the oxygen-evolving complex for efficient water splitting at neutral pH.

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Correction: Transcriptomic profiling of the yeast Komagataella phaffii in response to environmental alkalinization.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC10576357 | biostudies-literature