Dataset Information

DNA Methylation Profile of ?-1,3-Glucanase and Chitinase Genes in Flax Shows Specificity Towards Fusarium Oxysporum Strains Differing in Pathogenicity.

ABSTRACT: Most losses in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) crops are caused by fungal infections. The new epigenetic approach to improve plant resistance requires broadening the knowledge about the influence of pathogenic and non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strains on changes in the profile of DNA methylation. Two contrasting effects on the levels of methylation in flax have been detected for both types of Fusarium strain infection: Genome-wide hypermethylation and hypomethylation of resistance-related genes (?-1,3-glucanase and chitinase). Despite the differences in methylation profile, the expression of these genes increased. Plants pretreated with the non-pathogenic strain memorize the hypomethylation pattern and then react more efficiently upon pathogen infection. The peak of demethylation correlates with the alteration in gene expression induced by the non-pathogenic strain. In the case of pathogen infection, the expression peak lags behind the gene demethylation. Dynamic changes in tetramer methylation induced by both pathogenic and non-pathogenic Fusarium strains are dependent on the ratio between the level of methyltransferase and demethylase gene expression. Infection with both Fusarium strains suppressed methyltransferase expression and increased the demethylase (demeter) transcript level. The obtained results provide important new information about changes in methylation profile and thus expression regulation of pathogenesis-related genes in the flax plant response to stressors.

SUBMITTER: Wojtasik W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6956085 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

DNA Methylation Profile of β-1,3-Glucanase and Chitinase Genes in Flax Shows Specificity Towards Fusarium Oxysporum Strains Differing in Pathogenicity.

Wojtasik Wioleta W Boba Aleksandra A Preisner Marta M Kostyn Kamil K Szopa Jan J Kulma Anna A

Microorganisms 20191120 12

Most losses in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) crops are caused by fungal infections. The new epigenetic approach to improve plant resistance requires broadening the knowledge about the influence of pathogenic and non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strains on changes in the profile of DNA methylation. Two contrasting effects on the levels of methylation in flax have been detected for both types of Fusarium strain infection: Genome-wide hypermethylation and hypomethylation of re ...[more]

PMID: 31757035

Similar Datasets

Project description:IntroductionFlax (Linum usitatissimum) is a crop producing valuable products like seeds and fiber. However, its cultivation faces challenges from environmental stress factors and significant yield losses due to fungal infections. The major threat is Fusarium oxysporum f.sp lini, causing fusarium wilt of flax. Interestingly, within the Fusarium family, there are non-pathogenic strains known as biocontrols, which protect plants from infections caused by pathogenic strains. When exposed to a non-pathogenic strain, flax exhibits defense responses similar to those seen during pathogenic infections. This sensitization process activates immune reactions, preparing the plant to better combat potential pathogenic strains. The plant cell wall is crucial for defending against pathogens. It serves as the primary barrier, blocking pathogen entry into plant cells.MethodsThe aim of the study was to investigate the effects of treating flax with a non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strain, focusing on cell wall remodeling. The infection's progress was monitored by determining the fungal DNA content and microscopic observation. The plant defense response was confirmed by an increase in the level of Pathogenesis-Related (PR) genes transcripts. The reorganization of flax cell wall during non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strain infection was examined using Infrared spectroscopy (IR), determination of cell wall polymer content, and analysis of mRNA level of genes involved in their metabolism.Results and discussionIR analysis revealed reduced cellulose content in flax seedlings after treatment with Fo47 and that the cellulose chains were shorter and more loosely bound. Hemicellulose content was also reduced but only after 12h and 36h. The total pectin content remained unchanged, while the relative share of simple sugars and uronic acids in the pectin fractions changed over time. In addition, a dynamic change in the level of methylesterification of carboxyl groups of pectin was observed in flax seedlings treated with Fo47 compared to untreated seedlings. The increase in lignin content was observed only 48 hours after the treatment with non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum. Analysis of mRNA levels of cell wall polymer metabolism genes showed significant changes over time in all analyzed genes. In conclusion, the research suggests that the rearrangement of the cell wall is likely one of the mechanisms behind flax sensitization by the non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strain. Understanding these processes could help in developing strategies to enhance flax's resistance to fusarium wilt and improve its overall yield and quality.

Project description:This study reports that a high concentration of the endo-?-1,3-glucanase ENG (200??g ml-1) induced heat-inactivated stipe wall extension of Coprinopsis cinerea, whereas a high concentration of the extracellular ?-glucosidase BGL2 (1,000??g ml-1) did not; however, in combination, low concentrations of ENG (25??g ml-1) and BGL2 (260??g ml-1) induced heat-inactivated stipe cell wall extension. In contrast to the previously reported chitinase-reconstituted stipe wall extension, ?-1,3-glucanase-reconstituted heat-inactivated stipe cell wall extension initially exhibited a fast extension rate that quickly decreased to zero after approximately 60?min; the stipe cell wall extension induced by a high concentration of ?-1,3-glucanase did not result in stipe breakage during measurement, and the inner surfaces of glucanase-reconstituted extended cell walls still remained as amorphous matrices that did not appear to have been damaged. These distinctive features of the ?-1,3-glucanase-reconstituted wall extension may be because chitin chains are cross-linked not only to the nonreducing termini of the side chains and the backbones of ?-1,6 branched ?-1,3-glucans but also to other polysaccharides. Remarkably, a low concentration of either the ?-1,3-glucanase ENG or of chitinase ChiE1 did not induce heat-inactivated stipe wall extension, but a combination of these two enzymes, each at a low concentration, showed stipe cell wall extension activity that exhibited a steady and continuous wall extension profile. Therefore, we concluded that the stipe cell wall extension is the result of the synergistic actions of glucanases and chitinases.IMPORTANCE We previously reported that the chitinase could induce stipe wall extension and was involved in stipe elongation growth of the mushroom Coprinopsis cinerea In this study, we explored that ?-1,3-glucanase also induced stipe cell wall extension. Interestingly, the extension profile and extended ultra-architecture of ?-1,3-glucanase-reconstituted stipe wall were different from those of chitinase-reconstituted stipe wall. However, ?-1,3-glucanase cooperated with chitinase to induce stipe cell wall extension. The significance of this synergy between glucanases and chitinases is that it enables a low concentration of active enzymes to induce wall extension, and the involvement of ?-1,3-glucanases is necessary for the cell wall remodeling and the addition of new ?-glucans during stipe elongation growth.

Dataset Information

DNA Methylation Profile of ?-1,3-Glucanase and Chitinase Genes in Flax Shows Specificity Towards Fusarium Oxysporum Strains Differing in Pathogenicity.

Publications

DNA Methylation Profile of <i>β-1,3-Glucanase</i> and <i>Chitinase</i> Genes in Flax Shows Specificity Towards <i>Fusarium Oxysporum</i> Strains Differing in Pathogenicity.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets