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Blast traumatic brain injury and serum inflammatory cytokines: a repeated measures case-control study among U.S. military service members.


ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:There is a paucity of human data on exposure to blast traumatic brain injury (bTBI) and the corresponding systemic cytokine immune response at later time points (i.e., months, years) post-injury. METHODS:We conducted a repeated measures, case-control study, examining associations of serum levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, measured both pre- and post-deployment with having mild and moderate/severe bTBI. Utilizing serum from the Department of Defense Serum Repository cytokines were measured via an ELISA-based array for 15 cytokines. We compared pre- vs. post-levels among mild cases, moderate/severe cases, and controls and carried out case-control comparisons, using paired t- tests and generalized linear models. RESULTS:The average time between bTBI and post-deployment/bTBI serum among cases was 315.8?days. From pre- to post-deployment/bTBI, levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) were decreased among both mild cases (??=?-?83.43?pg/ml; s.e.?=?21.66) and moderate/severe cases (??=?-?107.67?pg/ml; s.e.?=?28.74?pg/ml), while levels increased among controls (??=?32.86?pg/ml; s.e.?=?30.29). The same pattern occurred for matrix metallopeptidase 3 (MMP3), with levels decreasing for moderate/severe cases (??=?-?3369.24?pg/ml; s.e.?=?1701.68) and increasing for controls (??=?1859.60?pg/ml; s.e.?=?1737.51) from pre- to post-deployment/bTBI. Evidence was also suggestive of case-control differences, from pre- to post-deployment/bTBI for interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1?), interleukin 4 (IL-4), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) among moderate/severe cases. CONCLUSION:The findings of this longitudinal study indicate that in the chronic phase of bTBI, levels of IL-8 and MMP3 may be substantially lower than pre-injury. These results need confirmation in other studies, potentially those that account for treatment differences, which was not possible in our study.

SUBMITTER: Rusiecki J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6958571 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Blast traumatic brain injury and serum inflammatory cytokines: a repeated measures case-control study among U.S. military service members.

Rusiecki Jennifer J   Levin Lynn I LI   Wang Li L   Byrne Celia C   Krishnamurthy Jayasree J   Chen Ligong L   Galdzicki Zygmunt Z   French Louis M LM  

Journal of neuroinflammation 20200113 1


<h4>Background</h4>There is a paucity of human data on exposure to blast traumatic brain injury (bTBI) and the corresponding systemic cytokine immune response at later time points (i.e., months, years) post-injury.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a repeated measures, case-control study, examining associations of serum levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, measured both pre- and post-deployment with having mild and moderate/severe bTBI. Utilizing serum from the Department of Defense Serum R  ...[more]

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