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Radiation-induced alterations in immunogenicity of a murine pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell line.

ABSTRACT: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is highlighted by resistance to radiotherapy with the possible exception of hypofractionated irradiation. As single photon doses were reported to increase immunogenicity, we investigated dose-dependent irradiation effects on clonogenic survival, expression of immunologically relevant cell surface molecules and susceptibility to cytotoxic T cell (CTL) mediated killing using a murine PDA cell line. Clonogenicity decreased in a dose-responsive manner showing enhanced radioresistance at single photon doses below 5?Gy. Cell cycle analysis revealed a predominant G2/M arrest, being most pronounced 12?h after irradiation. Polyploidy increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner reaching a maximum frequency 60?h following irradiation with 10?Gy. Irradiation increased surface expression of MHC class I molecules and of immunological checkpoint molecules PDL-1 and CD73, especially at doses???5?Gy, but not of MHC class II molecules and CXCR4 receptors. Cytotoxicity assays revealed increased CTL lysis of PDA cells at doses???5?Gy. For the PDA cell line investigated, our data show for the first time that single photon doses???5?Gy effectively inhibit colony formation and induce a G2/M cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, expression levels of immunomodulatory cell surface molecules became altered possibly enhancing the susceptibility of tumour cells to CTL lysis.

SUBMITTER: Schroter P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6971029 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Radiation-induced alterations in immunogenicity of a murine pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell line.

Schröter Philipp P Hartmann Laura L Osen Wolfram W Baumann Daniel D Offringa Rienk R Eisel David D Debus Jürgen J Eichmüller Stefan B SB Rieken Stefan S

Scientific reports 20200120 1

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is highlighted by resistance to radiotherapy with the possible exception of hypofractionated irradiation. As single photon doses were reported to increase immunogenicity, we investigated dose-dependent irradiation effects on clonogenic survival, expression of immunologically relevant cell surface molecules and susceptibility to cytotoxic T cell (CTL) mediated killing using a murine PDA cell line. Clonogenicity decreased in a dose-responsive manner showing e ...[more]

PMID: 31959787

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Project description:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a malignancy characterized by a poor prognosis and high mortality rate. Genetic mutations and altered molecular pathways serve as targets in precise therapy. Using next-generation sequencing (NGS), these aberrant alterations can be identified and used to develop strategies that will selectively kill cancerous cells in patients with PDAC. The realization of targeted therapies in patients with PDAC may be summarized by three approaches. First, because oncogenes play a pivotal role in tumorigenesis, inhibition of dysregulated oncogenes is a promising method (Table 3). Numerous researchers are developing strategies to target oncogenes, such as KRAS, NRG1, and NTRK and related molecules, although most of the results are unsatisfactory. Accordingly, emerging strategies are being developed to target these oncogenes, including simultaneously inhibiting multiple molecules or pathways, modification of mutant residues by small molecules, and RNA interference. Second, researchers have attempted to reactivate inactivated tumour suppressors or modulate related molecules. TP53, CDKN2A and SMAD4 are three major tumour suppressors involved in PDAC. Advances have been achieved in clinical and preclinical trials of therapies targeting these three genes, and further investigations are warranted. The TGF-β-SMAD4 signalling pathway plays a dual role in PDAC tumorigenesis and participates in mediating tumour-stroma crosstalk and modulating the tumour microenvironment (TME); thus, molecular subtyping of pancreatic cancer according to the SMAD4 mutation status may be a promising precision oncology technique. Finally, genes such as KDM6A and BRCA have vital roles in maintaining the structural stability and physiological functions of normal chromosomes and are deficient in some patients with PDAC, thus serving as potential targets for correcting these deficiencies and precisely killing these aberrant tumour cells. Recent clinical trials, such as the POLO (Pancreas Cancer Olaparib Ongoing) trial, have reported encouraging outcomes. In addition to genetic event-guided treatment, immunotherapies such as chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T), antibody-drug conjugates, and immune checkpoint inhibitors also exhibit the potential to target tumours precisely, although the clinical value of immunotherapies as treatments for PDAC is still limited. In this review, we focus on recent preclinical and clinical advances in therapies targeting aberrant genes and pathways and predict the future trend of precision oncology for PDAC.

Dataset Information

Radiation-induced alterations in immunogenicity of a murine pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell line.

Publications

Radiation-induced alterations in immunogenicity of a murine pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell line.

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