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To what extent do unhealthy behaviour indicators explain the neighbourhood deprivation gradient in overweight among 11-year-old English children?

ABSTRACT: Aims:This study examined associations between neighbourhood deprivation, school commuting behaviour, a range of unhealthy behaviour indicators and overweight/obesity among 11-year-old English children. Methods:Data are from wave five of the UK Millennium Cohort Study, collected in 2012. Subjects consisted of 7262 (3637 boys) 11-year-old English children. Children were classified as normal weight or overweight/obese. School commute mode (active/passive) and health behaviour indicators were parent-reported. Health behaviour indicator scores below the mean of the lower half of the distribution were classified as unhealthy on this indicator. Neighbourhood deprivation was defined using the 2004 English Indices of Multiple Deprivation. Odds ratios (ORs) for being overweight/obese according to neighbourhood deprivation were estimated. A range of unhealthy behaviour indicators were explored to assess the extent to which they attenuated associations between neighbourhood deprivation and overweight/obesity. Results:Children living in the most deprived neighbourhoods in England were more likely to be overweight/obese, commute to and from school actively and participate in all unhealthy behaviour indicators compared to children living in the least deprived neighbourhoods. Adjusting for confounders and significant unhealthy behaviour indicators reduced the OR for overweight/obese from 1.81 (95% CI 1.54 to 2.13) to 1.56 (95% CI 1.30 to 1.88) in the highest neighbourhood deprivation group compared to the lowest. Conclusion:Active school commuting alone is unlikely to be enough to prevent and reduce the prevalence of overweight/obesity in the most deprived English neighbourhoods. Childhood overweight/obesity-related interventions should focus on promoting participation in a range of health behaviours.

SUBMITTER: Noonan RJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6971388 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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To what extent do unhealthy behaviour indicators explain the neighbourhood deprivation gradient in overweight among 11-year-old English children?

Noonan Rob J RJ

SSM - population health 20200111

<h4>Aims</h4>This study examined associations between neighbourhood deprivation, school commuting behaviour, a range of unhealthy behaviour indicators and overweight/obesity among 11-year-old English children.<h4>Methods</h4>Data are from wave five of the UK Millennium Cohort Study, collected in 2012. Subjects consisted of 7262 (3637 boys) 11-year-old English children. Children were classified as normal weight or overweight/obese. School commute mode (active/passive) and health behaviour indicat ...[more]

PMID: 31993476

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Project description:Background and aims: Youth populations with overweight/obesity (OW/OB) exhibit heterogeneity in cardiometabolic health phenotypes (e.g. fasting glucose, serum triglycerides, etc.). The underling mechanisms for those differences are still unclear. This study aimed to analyze the whole blood transcriptome profile (RNA-seq) of children with metabolic healthy overweight/obesity (MHO) and metabolic unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUO) phenotypes. Methods: 27 children with OW/OB (10.14 ± 1.3 years, 59% boys) from the ActiveBrains project were included. MHO was defined as having none of the following criteria for metabolic syndrome: elevated fasting glucose, high serum triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high systolic or diastolic blood pressure, while MUO was defined as presenting one or more of these criteria. Inflammatory markers interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) were additionally determined. Total-blood RNA was analyzed by 5’-end RNA sequencing. Two different bioinformatics approaches were performed: 1) Differential gene expression analyses using Limma R/Bioconductor software package (analyses adjusted by sex and maturational status) and 2) weighted gene coexpression network analyses (WGCNA). Results: Children with MHO had lower values of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 compared to MUO (p < 0.05). 40 genes were differentially expressed (FDR < 0.05) in children with MHO compared to MUO. WGCNA analysis identified 23 gene coexpression modules (i.e. clusters of genes) with low preservation (Zsummary < 2) in children with MHO compared to MUO. Differential and WGCNA gene expression patterns identified 32 genes linked to metabolism, mitochondrial and immune functions. Conclusions: Whole blood transcriptome analysis revealed a distinct pattern of gene expression in children with MHO compared to MUO children. The identified gene expression patterns related to metabolism, mitochondrial and immune functions can promote a better understanding of cardiovascular disease prognosis in individuals with MHO.

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To what extent do unhealthy behaviour indicators explain the neighbourhood deprivation gradient in overweight among 11-year-old English children?

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To what extent do unhealthy behaviour indicators explain the neighbourhood deprivation gradient in overweight among 11-year-old English children?

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