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The Effect of High Carbohydrate-to-fat Intake Ratios on Hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia Risk and HDL-cholesterol Levels over a 12-year Follow-up.

ABSTRACT: Considering the strong correlation between carbohydrate and fat intake, we defined and assessed the association of the carbohydrate-to-fat ratio with the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) level using 12-year follow-up data from the community-based cohort of the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study. We evaluated the long-term changes in HDL-c levels according to quartiles of carbohydrate-to-fat ratio using a mixed model. We also assessed the effect of the carbohydrate-to-fat ratio on the prevalence and incidence of hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia. Of 6,627 subjects, the prevalence of undiagnosed hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia at baseline was 35.3% (n?=?2,339). Among the disease-free subjects, 56.8% developed hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia (incidence?=?92/1,000 person-years). The prevalence and incidence of hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia were higher in females than in males. The highest carbohydrate-to-fat ratio quartile, which was characterized by high and low intake of carbohydrate and fat, was consistently associated with a lower HDL-c level during the 12-year follow up. Moreover, those in the highest quartile had a 1.14-fold greater risk of incident hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia than those in the lowest quartile, with a significant dose-response relationship. We found that high and low intake of carbohydrate and fat, respectively, was consistently associated with a low HDL-c level over a prolonged period. More research is needed to promote appropriate intake of macronutrients.

SUBMITTER: Lee HA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6976611 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Effect of High Carbohydrate-to-fat Intake Ratios on Hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia Risk and HDL-cholesterol Levels over a 12-year Follow-up.

Lee Hye Ah HA An Hyoin H

Scientific reports 20200122 1

Considering the strong correlation between carbohydrate and fat intake, we defined and assessed the association of the carbohydrate-to-fat ratio with the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) level using 12-year follow-up data from the community-based cohort of the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study. We evaluated the long-term changes in HDL-c levels according to quartiles of carbohydrate-to-fat ratio using a mixed model. We also assessed the effect of the carbohydrate-to-fat ratio on the p ...[more]

PMID: 31969639

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Project description:BackgroundThe prevalence of cataracts is steadily increasing among the middle-aged and elderly worldwide. We hypothesized that adults aged > 50 years with age-related cataracts (ARCs) have an association with metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components, and MS has interactions with different dietary patterns and lifestyles that affect ARC risk. We examined the hypothesis using the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES; a large-scale hospital-based cohort study), which collected data between 2004-2013.MethodsParticipants ≥ 50 years old were classified as cases (1,972 ARC patients) and controls (38,290 healthy controls) based on a diagnosis of cataract by a physician. MS and its components were defined using WHO definitions for Asians. Dietary consumption was evaluated using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ), which contained 106 foods, and dietary patterns were analyzed by principal component analysis. After adjusting for potential covariates, logistic regression was used to investigate associations between MS and its components and between dietary patterns and a positive cataract history.ResultsARC had a positive association with MS after 1.32-fold adjusting for age, sex, residence area, body mass index, and energy intake. Plasma glucose and HbA1c concentrations exhibited an increased ARC risk in the participants with MS by 1.50- and 1.92-fold and without MS by 1.35 and 1.88-fold, respectively. Serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations were negatively associated with ARC risk only in the MS patients, but not without MS. However, blood pressure, abdominal obesity, and serum triglyceride concentrations did not associate with ARC risk regardless of MS. High intake of a Korean-balanced diet (KBD) containing fermented food exhibited a negative association with ARC risk (OR = 0.81) only in the MS group. The fat and coffee intake had a negative association with ARC only in the non-MS group. Current- and former-smokers were positively associated with ARC risk.ConclusionPersons who have hyperglycemia and low-HDL-cholesterolemia had increased susceptibility of ARC prevalence. A KBD with a proper amount of fat (≥ 15%) is recommended, and smoking should be prohibited.

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Dataset Information

The Effect of High Carbohydrate-to-fat Intake Ratios on Hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia Risk and HDL-cholesterol Levels over a 12-year Follow-up.

Publications

The Effect of High Carbohydrate-to-fat Intake Ratios on Hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia Risk and HDL-cholesterol Levels over a 12-year Follow-up.

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