Dataset Information

Comparative QTL analysis for yield components and morphological traits in maize (Zea mays L.) under water-stressed and well-watered conditions.

ABSTRACT: Drought significantly influences maize morphology and yield potential. The elucidation of the genetic mechanisms of yield components and morphological traits, and tightly linked molecular markers under drought stress are thus of great importance in marker assisted selection (MAS) breeding. Here, we identified 32 QTLs for grain weight per ear, kernel ratio, and ear height-to-plant height ratio across two F2:3 populations under both drought and non-drought conditions by single-environment mapping with composite interval mapping (CIM), of which 21 QTLs were mapped under water-stressed conditions. We identified 29 QTLs by joint analysis of all environments with mixed-linear-model-based composite interval mapping (MCIM), 14 QTLs involved in QTL-by-environment interactions, and 11 epistatic interactions. Further analysis simultaneously identified 20 stable QTLs (sQTLs) by CIM and MCIM could be useful for genetic improvement of these traits via QTL pyramiding. Remarkably, bin 1.07-1.10/6.05/8.03/8.06 exhibited four pleiotropic sQTLs that were consistent with phenotypic correlations among traits, supporting the pleiotropy of QTLs and playing important roles in conferring growth and yield advantages under contrasting watering conditions. These findings provide information on the genetic mechanisms responsible for yield components and morphological traits that are affected by different watering conditions. Furthermore, these alleles provide useful targets for MAS.

SUBMITTER: Zhao X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6977450 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comparative QTL analysis for yield components and morphological traits in maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) under water-stressed and well-watered conditions.

Zhao Xiaoqiang X Zhang Jinwen J Fang Peng P Peng Yunling Y

Breeding science 20191031 4

Drought significantly influences maize morphology and yield potential. The elucidation of the genetic mechanisms of yield components and morphological traits, and tightly linked molecular markers under drought stress are thus of great importance in marker assisted selection (MAS) breeding. Here, we identified 32 QTLs for grain weight per ear, kernel ratio, and ear height-to-plant height ratio across two F<sub>2:3</sub> populations under both drought and non-drought conditions by single-environme ...[more]

PMID: 31988626

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Project description:Association mapping is a powerful approach to detect associations between traits of interest and genetic markers based on linkage disequilibrium in molecular plant breeding. The aim of this study was the identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and SilicoDArT markers associated with yield traits and morphological features in maize. Plant material constituted inbred lines. The field experiment with inbred lines was established on 10 m2 plots in a set of complete random blocks in three replicates. We observed 22 quantitative traits. Association mapping was performed in this study using a method based on the mixed linear model with the population structure estimated by eigenanalysis (principal component analysis applied to all markers) and modeled by random effects. As a result of mapping, 969 markers (346 SNPs and 623 SilocoDArT) were selected from 49,911 identified polymorphic molecular markers, which were significantly associated with the analyzed morphological features and yield structure traits. Markers associated with five or six traits were selected during further analyses, including SilicoDArT 4591115 (anthocyanin coloration of anthers, length of main axis above the highest lateral branch, cob length, number of grains per cob, weight of fresh grains per cob and weight of fresh grains per cob at 15% moisture), SilicoDArT 7059939 (anthocyanin coloration of glumes of cob, time of anthesis-50% of flowering plants, time of silk emergence-50% of flowering plants, anthocyanin coloration of anthers and cob diameter), SilicoDArT 5587991 (anthocyanin coloration of glumes of cob, time of anthesis-50% of flowering plants, anthocyanin coloration of anthers, curvature of lateral branches and number of rows of grain). The two genetic similarity dendrograms between the inbred lines were constructed based on all significant SNPs and SilicoDArT markers. On both dendrograms lines clustered according to the kernel structure (flint, dent) and origin. The selected markers may be useful in predicting hybrid formulas in a heterosis culture. The present study demonstrated that molecular SNP and Silico DArT markers could be used in this species to group lines in terms of origin and lines with incomplete origin data. They can also be useful in maize in predicting the hybrid formula and can find applications in the selection of parental components for heterosis crossings.

Project description:IntroductionArtemisinin is a secondary metabolite well-known for its use in the treatment of malaria. It also displays other antimicrobial activities which further increase its interest. At present, Artemisia annua is the sole commercial source of the substance, and its production is limited, leading to a global deficit in supply. Furthermore, the cultivation of A. annua is being threatened by climate change. Specifically, drought stress is a major concern for plant development and productivity, but, on the other hand, moderate stress levels can elicit the production of secondary metabolites, with a putative synergistic interaction with elicitors such as chitosan oligosaccharides (COS). Therefore, the development of strategies to increase yield has prompted much interest. With this aim, the effects on artemisinin production under drought stress and treatment with COS, as well as physiological changes in A. annua plants are presented in this study.MethodsPlants were separated into two groups, well-watered (WW) and drought-stressed (DS) plants, and in each group, four concentrations of COS were applied (0, 50,100 and 200 mg•L-1). Afterwards, water stress was imposed by withholding irrigation for 9 days.ResultsTherefore, when A. annua was well watered, COS did not improve plant growth, and the upregulation of antioxidant enzymes hindered the production of artemisinin. On the other hand, during drought stress, COS treatment did not alleviate the decline in growth at any concentration tested. However, higher doses improved the water status since leaf water potential (YL) improved by 50.64% and relative water content (RWC) by 33.84% compared to DS plants without COS treatment. Moreover, the combination of COS and drought stress caused damage to the plant's antioxidant enzyme defence, particularly APX and GR, and reduced the amount of phenols and flavonoids. This resulted in increased ROS production and enhanced artemisinin content by 34.40% in DS plants treated with 200 mg•L-1 COS, compared to control plants.ConclusionThese findings underscore the critical role of ROS in artemisinin biosynthesis and suggest that COS treatment may boost artemisinin yield in crop production, even under drought conditions.

Dataset Information

Comparative QTL analysis for yield components and morphological traits in maize (Zea mays L.) under water-stressed and well-watered conditions.

Publications

Comparative QTL analysis for yield components and morphological traits in maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) under water-stressed and well-watered conditions.

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