Dataset Information

Different Habitat Types Affect Bird Richness and Evenness.

ABSTRACT: More studies are needed on the mechanism and effective prediction of bird diversity in various habitats. The primary purpose of this study was to explore the difference in the species richness and evenness of various habitats. The secondary purpose was to explore which habitat types and compositions predict a high bird diversity. The 2010-2016 Taiwan Breeding Bird Survey was used to analyze the relationship between landscape habitat and bird ecology. Landscape habitat type was divided into seven categories and 26 sub-types: forestland, farmland, grassland, freshwater wetland, aquaculture pond and saltpan, coastland, and building area. Four ecological indexes were used: the number of bird individuals, the number of species, the Margalef Richness Index, and the Pielou Evenness Index. The result indicated that forestland decreased bird numbers, except in a windbreak forest. Natural and farmland-related habitats increased bird species richness. Similarly, the natural habitat increased species evenness. Urban greenspace could not replace the effect of forestland on species richness and evenness. Conifer forest, bamboo forest, windbreak forest, mixed tree, tall grassland, and orchard were important habitats for promoting higher species richness and evenness.

SUBMITTER: Tu HM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6985263 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Different Habitat Types Affect Bird Richness and Evenness.

Tu Hung-Ming HM Fan Meng-Wen MW Ko Jerome Chie-Jen JC

Scientific reports 20200127 1

More studies are needed on the mechanism and effective prediction of bird diversity in various habitats. The primary purpose of this study was to explore the difference in the species richness and evenness of various habitats. The secondary purpose was to explore which habitat types and compositions predict a high bird diversity. The 2010-2016 Taiwan Breeding Bird Survey was used to analyze the relationship between landscape habitat and bird ecology. Landscape habitat type was divided into seven ...[more]

PMID: 31988439

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Project description:BackgroundBabesiosis is an emerging and potentially zoonotic disease caused by tick-borne piroplasmids of the Babesia genus. New genetic variants of piroplasmids with unknown associations to vectors and hosts are recognized. Data on the occurrence of Babesia spp. in ticks and wildlife widen the knowledge on the geographical distribution and circulation of piroplasmids in natural foci. Questing and rodent-attached ticks, rodents, and birds were screened for the presence of Babesia-specific DNA using molecular methods. Spatial and temporal differences of Babesia spp. prevalence in ticks and rodents from two contrasting habitats of Slovakia with sympatric occurrence of Ixodes ricinus and Haemaphysalis concinna ticks and co-infections of Candidatus N. mikurensis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum were investigated.ResultsBabesia spp. were detected in 1.5 % and 6.6 % of questing I. ricinus and H. concinna, respectively. Prevalence of Babesia-infected I. ricinus was higher in a natural than an urban/suburban habitat. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Babesia spp. from I. ricinus clustered with Babesia microti, Babesia venatorum, Babesia canis, Babesia capreoli/Babesia divergens, and Babesia odocoilei. Babesia spp. amplified from H. concinna segregated into two monophyletic clades, designated Babesia sp. 1 (Eurasia) and Babesia sp. 2 (Eurasia), each of which represents a yet undescribed novel species. The prevalence of infection in rodents (with Apodemus flavicollis and Myodes glareolus prevailing) with B. microti was 1.3 % in an urban/suburban and 4.2 % in a natural habitat. The majority of infected rodents (81.3 %) were positive for spleen and blood and the remaining for lungs and/or skin. Rodent-attached I. ricinus (accounting for 96.3 %) and H. concinna were infected with B. microti, B. venatorum, B. capreoli/B. divergens, Babesia sp. 1 (Eurasia), and Babesia sp. 2 (Eurasia). All B. microti and B. venatorum isolates were identical to known zoonotic strains from Europe. Less than 1.0 % of Babesia-positive ticks and rodents carried Candidatus N. mikurensis or A. phagocytophilum.ConclusionOur findings suggest that I. ricinus and rodents play important roles in the epidemiology of zoonotic Babesia spp. in south-western Slovakia. Associations with vertebrate hosts and the pathogenicity of Babesia spp. infecting H. concinna ticks need to be further explored.

Dataset Information

Different Habitat Types Affect Bird Richness and Evenness.

Publications

Different Habitat Types Affect Bird Richness and Evenness.

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