Dataset Information

Chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of amurensin H by regulating TLR4/Syk/NF-?B signals.

ABSTRACT: The low-grade, chronic inflammation initiated by TLR4-triggered innate immune responses has a central role on early osteoarthritis. Amurensin H is a resveratrol dimer with anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, while its effects on TLR-4 signals to inhibit osteoarthritis are still unclear. In the present study, treatment with amurensin H for 2 weeks in monosodium iodoacetate-induced mice significantly slows down cartilage degeneration and inflammation using macroscopic evaluation, haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and micro-magnetic resonance imaging. In IL-1?-stimulated rat chondrocytes, amurensin H suppresses the production of inflammatory mediators including nitric oxide, IL-6, IL-17, PGE2 and TNF-? using Greiss and ELISA assay. Amurensin H inhibits matrix degradation via decreasing levels of MMP-9 and MMP-13 using Western blot assay, promotes synthesis of type II collagen and glycosaminoglycan using immunostaining and safranin O staining, respectively. Amurensin H inhibits intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and mitochondrial membrane depolarization using DCFH-DA, MitoSOX Red and JC-1 assay as well. IL-1? stimulates TLR4 activation and Syk phosphorylation in chondrocytes, while amurensin H inhibits TLR4/Syk signals and downstream p65 phosphorylation and translocation in a time and dose-dependent manner. Together, these results suggest that amurensin H exerts chondroprotective effects by attenuating oxidative stress, inflammation and matrix degradation via the TLR4/Syk/NF-?B pathway.

SUBMITTER: Ma P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6991675 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of amurensin H by regulating TLR4/Syk/NF-κB signals.

Ma Pei P Yue Lifeng L Yang Hui H Fan Yannan Y Bai Jinye J Li Shuyi S Yuan Jiqiao J Zhang Ziqian Z Yao Chunsuo C Lin Mingbao M Hou Qi Q

Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 20191225 2

The low-grade, chronic inflammation initiated by TLR4-triggered innate immune responses has a central role on early osteoarthritis. Amurensin H is a resveratrol dimer with anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, while its effects on TLR-4 signals to inhibit osteoarthritis are still unclear. In the present study, treatment with amurensin H for 2 weeks in monosodium iodoacetate-induced mice significantly slows down cartilage degeneration and inflammation using macroscopic evaluation, haemato ...[more]

PMID: 31876072

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Project description:Patients with antiphospholipid syndrome have been identified to have higher incidence rates of atherosclerosis (AS) due to the elevated levels of anti‑β2‑glycoprotein I (β2GPI) antibody (Ab). Our previous studies revealed that the anti‑β2GPI Ab formed a stable oxidized low‑density lipoprotein (oxLDL)/β2GPI/anti‑β2GPI Ab complex, which accelerated AS development by promoting the accumulation of lipids in macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cell. However, the effects of the complex on endothelial cells, which drive the initiation and development of AS, remain unknown. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the proinflammatory roles of the oxLDL/β2GPI/anti‑β2GPI Ab complex in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in an attempt to determine the underlying mechanism. Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, enzymy‑linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were performed to detect the expressions of inflammation related factors and adhesion molecules. Monocyte‑binding assay was used to investigate the effects of oxLDL/β2GPI/anti‑β2GPI Ab complex on monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. The results demonstrated that the oxLDL/β2GPI/anti‑β2GPI Ab complex upregulated the expression of Toll‑like receptor (TLR)4 and the levels of NF‑κB phosphorylation in HUVECs, and subsequently enhanced the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, including TNF‑α, IL‑1β and IL‑6, as well as those of adhesion molecules, such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and vascular adhesion molecule 1. In addition, the complex facilitated the recruitment of monocytes by promoting the secretion of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 in HUVECs. Notably, the described effects of the oxLDL/β2GPI/anti‑β2GPI Ab complex in HUVECs were abolished by either TLR4 or NF‑κB blockade. In conclusion, these findings suggested that the oxLDL/β2GPI/anti‑β2GPI Ab complex may induce a hyper‑inflammatory state in endothelial cells by promoting the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and monocyte recruitment, which was discovered to be largely dependent on the TLR4/NK‑κB signaling pathway.

Project description:BackgroundAfter traumatic brain injury (TBI), an acute, robust inflammatory cascade occurs that is characterized by the activation of resident cells such as microglia, the migration and recruitment of peripheral immune cells and the release of inflammatory mediators that induce secondary cell death and impede neurological recovery. In addition, neuroinflammation can alter blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Controlling inflammatory responses is considered a promising therapeutic approach for TBI. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has already been used clinically for decades, and it is still widely used to treat various autoimmune diseases. However, the effects of HCQ on inflammation and the potential mechanism after TBI remain to be defined. The aim of the current study was to elucidate whether HCQ could improve the neurological recovery of mice post-TBI by inhibiting the inflammatory response via the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.MethodsC57BL/6 mice were subjected to controlled cortical impact (CCI) and randomly divided into groups that received intraperitoneal HCQ or vehicle daily after TBI. TAK-242 (3.0 mg/kg), an exogenous TLR4 antagonist, was injected intraperitoneally 1 h before TBI. Behavioral assessments were performed on days 1 and 3 post-TBI, and the gene expression levels of inflammatory cytokines were analyzed by qRT-PCR. The presence of infiltrated immune cells was examined by flow cytometry and immunostaining. In addition, BBB permeability, tight junction expression and brain edema were investigated.ResultsHCQ administration significantly ameliorated TBI-induced neurological deficits. HCQ alleviated neuroinflammation, the activation and accumulation of microglia and immune cell infiltration in the brain, attenuated BBB disruption and brain edema, and upregulated tight junction expression. Combined administration of HCQ and TAK-242 did not enhance the neuroprotective effects of HCQ.ConclusionsHCQ reduced proinflammatory cytokine expression, and the underlying mechanism may involve suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, suggesting that HCQ is a potential therapeutic agent for TBI treatment.

Dataset Information

Chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of amurensin H by regulating TLR4/Syk/NF-?B signals.

Publications

Chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of amurensin H by regulating TLR4/Syk/NF-κB signals.

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